Giant Apical Left Ventricular Diverticulum in a Health Teenager - Report of a Case within the Context of a Literature Review

Abstract

Introduction: Congenital left ventricular diverticulum appears to be a developmental anomaly, an idiopathic dysplasia of left ventricular endocardium and myocardium. No evidence of a viral aetiology was found. Aim: We have reviewed the relevant medical literature, outlined the natural history of these left ventricular abnormalities, and discussed options in regard to their management. Results: The prognosis of LV outpouchings can vary from benign to catastrophic, depending upon the underlying cause. Accurate diagnosis is required to guide management decisions. High-quality imaging will characterize LV outpouchings well, helping clinicians to better understand the natural history of these conditions and to manage them appropriately. Conclusion: We believe that diverticulum can be detected on ECHO when it is performed precisely and carefully. In advanced centers selective computed tomography and LV angiography can be used in some cases to clearly demonstrate the outlet, size, and location of the diverticulum without the need for cardiac tomography or an MRI.

LV Diverticulum with Concurrent Takotsubo Cardiomyopathy

“…As much as 30% of left diverticulum cases are not associated with congenital abnormalities and can present with chest pain [3]. Echocardiography and angiography can be used for diagnosis and surgical resection are typically the treatment of choice before complications such as endocarditis, arrhythmia, heart failure, and tamponade occur [1,6].…”