GI endoscopes

Abstract

The ASGE Technology Committee provides reviews of existing, new, or emerging endoscopic technologies that have an impact on the practice of GI endoscopy. Evidence-based methodology is used, performing a MEDLINE literature search to identify pertinent clinical studies on the topic and a MAUDE (U.S. Food and Drug Administration Center for Devices and Radiological Health) database search to identify the reported complications of a given technology. Both are supplemented by accessing the "related articles" feature of PubMed and by scrutinizing pertinent references cited by the identified studies. Controlled clinical trials are emphasized, but in many cases data from randomized, controlled trials are lacking. In such cases, large case series, preliminary clinical studies, and expert opinions are used. Technical data are gathered from traditional and Web-based publications, proprietary publications, and informal communications with pertinent vendors. Technology Status Evaluation Reports are drafted by 1 or 2 members of the ASGE Technology Committee, reviewed and edited by the Committee as a whole, and approved by the Governing Board of the ASGE. When financial guidance is indicated, the most recent coding data and list prices at the time of publication are provided. For this review, the MEDLINE database was searched through September 2010 for articles related to endoscopy by using the key words "gastroscope," "colonoscope," "echoendoscope," "duodenoscope," "choledochoscope," "ultraslim endoscope," "variable stiffness colonoscope," and "wide-angle colonoscope." Technology Status Evaluation Reports are scientific reviews provided solely for educational and informational purposes. Technology Status Evaluation Reports are not rules and should not be construed as establishing a legal standard of care or as encouraging, advocating, requiring, or discouraging any particular treatment or payment for such treatment.

Flexible Medical Devices: Review of Controllable Stiffness Solutions

“…A review of endoscopic tools showed that the outer diameter of commercial endoscopes depends on the type of endoscope (gastroscopes, colonoscopes, duodenoscopes, etc.) [160]. The colonoscopes have diameters up to 15 mm.…”

Virtual chromoendoscopy for the real-time assessment of colorectal polyps in vivo: a systematic review and economic evaluation

“…All of these technologies use an endoscopy system typically consisting of an endoscope, a light source, a video processor and a visual display monitor. 10,11 The light source produces light that is transmitted to the distal end of the endoscope to illuminate the area under inspection. The video processor captures and processes electrical signals to enable an image of the inspected area to be displayed on the monitor.…”

“…The video processor captures and processes electrical signals to enable an image of the inspected area to be displayed on the monitor. 11 The aim of VCE technologies is to provide enhanced visualisation of tissues without the need for dyes, enabling the endoscopist to differentiate between adenomatous and hyperplastic colorectal polyps in real time during colonoscopy. VCE technologies can be classed as optical or digital.…”

Electronic chromoendoscopy

“…Highdefinition (HD) CCD chips offer images in either 4:3 or 5:4 aspect ratios and produce signal images with resolutions of 850,000 to 2 million pixels. 1 This signal is converted to a color image by either a red green blue (RGB) sequential system or a color CCD system by the video processor. 1 An in-depth review of this technology is covered in another Technology Committee document entitled "HighDefinition and High-Magnification Endoscopes."…”

“…1 This signal is converted to a color image by either a red green blue (RGB) sequential system or a color CCD system by the video processor. 1 An in-depth review of this technology is covered in another Technology Committee document entitled "HighDefinition and High-Magnification Endoscopes." 2 The light source used in endoscopy is typically a xenon arc lamp ranging from 100 to 300 W. This specialized lamp produces light by passing electricity through ionized xenon gas at high pressure.…”