Ghrelin stimulation of gonadotropin (LH) release from goldfish pituitary cells: Presence of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R1a) and involvement of voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels

Grey, Caleb L.; Grayfer, Leon; Belosevic, Miodrag; Chang, John P.

doi:10.1016/j.mce.2009.12.024

Cited by 21 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 61 publications

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“…A similar Ca 2+ mobilization was also induced by ghrelin in the primary culture of goldfish pituitary cells (79, 80), which was important for inducing the release of GH and luteinizing hormone (LH) from goldfish somatotrophs (79) and gonadotrophs (80), respectively. Little is known about the intracellular signaling pathways involved.…”

Section: Signaling Pathways Of the Ghrelin Receptormentioning

confidence: 79%

“…Recently, Yahashi et al (90) reported that the peripheral effects of ghrelin on food intake and locomotor activity in goldfish are mediated via one of the four ghrelin receptor isoforms, GHS-R2a-1. In addition, ghrelin has the ability to stimulate GH and LH release from goldfish pituitary (64, 79, 80, 91). GHS-R1a-2 mRNA shows the most abundant expression in this structure, suggesting that the receptor is involved in the regulation of pituitary hormone release.…”

Section: Physiological Function Of Ghs-rsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Ghrelin Receptors in Non-Mammalian Vertebrates

2013

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The growth hormone secretagogue-receptor (GHS-R) was discovered in humans and pigs in 1996. The endogenous ligand, ghrelin, was discovered 3 years later, in 1999, and our understanding of the physiological significance of the ghrelin system in vertebrates has grown steadily since then. Although the ghrelin system in non-mammalian vertebrates is a subject of great interest, protein sequence data for the receptor in non-mammalian vertebrates has been limited until recently, and related biological information has not been well organized. In this review, we summarize current information related to the ghrelin receptor in non-mammalian vertebrates.

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Section: Signaling Pathways Of the Ghrelin Receptormentioning

confidence: 79%

Section: Physiological Function Of Ghs-rsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ghrelin Receptors in Non-Mammalian Vertebrates

2013

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“…Nonmammalian ghrelin receptors have been successfully expressed in mammalian cells, and these show a rise in intracellular Ca 2C upon stimulation with ghrelin or GHSs (Palyha et al 2000, Kitazawa et al 2009, 2011a, Tachibana et al 2011. A similar Ca 2C mobilization was also observed in goldfish somatotrophs and gonadotrophs in the pituitary (Grey & Chang 2009, Grey et al 2010, which are responsible for the release of GH and luteinizing hormone (LH) respectively. The signaling pathways have been gradually clarified: the ghrelininduced GH and LH release from goldfish pituitary cells are regulated by nitric oxide signaling (Grey & Chang 2013), and PKA and PKC differently regulate it (Grey & Chang 2011).…”

Section: Comparison Of the Ghrelin Receptor Signalingmentioning

confidence: 92%

MOLECULAR EVOLUTION OF GPCRS: Ghrelin/ghrelin receptors

Kaiya

Kangawa

Miyazato

2013

Journal of Molecular Endocrinology

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After the discovery in 1996 of the GH secretagogue-receptor type-1a (GHS-R1a) as an orphan G-protein coupled receptor, many research groups attempted to identify the endogenous ligand. Finally, Kojima and colleagues successfully isolated the peptide ligand from rat stomach extracts, determined its structure, and named it ghrelin. The GHS-R1a is now accepted to be the ghrelin receptor. The existence of the ghrelin system has been demonstrated in many animal classes through biochemical and molecular biological strategies as well as through genome projects. Our work, focused on identifying the ghrelin receptor and its ligand ghrelin in laboratory animals, particularly nonmammalian vertebrates, has provided new insights into the molecular evolution of the ghrelin receptor. In mammals, it is assumed that the ghrelin receptor evolution is in line with the plate tectonics theory. In contrast, the evolution of the ghrelin receptor in nonmammalian vertebrates differs from that of mammals: multiplicity of the ghrelin receptor isoforms is observed in nonmammalian vertebrates only. This multiplicity is due to genome duplication and polyploidization events that particularly occurred in Teleostei. Furthermore, it is likely that the evolution of the ghrelin receptor is distinct from that of its ligand, ghrelin, because only one ghrelin isoform has been detected in all species examined so far. In this review, we summarize current knowledge related to the molecular evolution of the ghrelin receptor in mammalian and nonmammalian vertebrates.

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“…This suggests that the stimulatory effect of ghrelin on plasma LH levels is not through the action of ghrelin on hypothalamic GnRH. Actually, the highest levels of ghrelin receptor mRNA are observed in the sea bream and goldfish pituitary (249, 250). In vitro treatment with ghrelin stimulates LH release in the goldfish (148, 250) and in the common carp (149), while pituitary levels of mRNA for LHβ subunit is also increased.…”

Section: Peripheral Hormones Involved In Feeding Metabolism and Repmentioning

confidence: 99%

Central Pathways Integrating Metabolism and Reproduction in Teleosts

2014

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Energy balance plays an important role in the control of reproduction. However, the cellular and molecular mechanisms connecting the two systems are not well understood especially in teleosts. The hypothalamus plays a crucial role in the regulation of both energy balance and reproduction, and contains a number of neuropeptides, including gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), orexin, neuropeptide-Y, ghrelin, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide, α-melanocyte stimulating hormone, melanin-concentrating hormone, cholecystokinin, 26RFamide, nesfatin, kisspeptin, and gonadotropin-inhibitory hormone. These neuropeptides are involved in the control of energy balance and reproduction either directly or indirectly. On the other hand, synthesis and release of these hypothalamic neuropeptides are regulated by metabolic signals from the gut and the adipose tissue. Furthermore, neurons producing these neuropeptides interact with each other, providing neuronal basis of the link between energy balance and reproduction. This review summarizes the advances made in our understanding of the physiological roles of the hypothalamic neuropeptides in energy balance and reproduction in teleosts, and discusses how they interact with GnRH, kisspeptin, and pituitary gonadotropins to control reproduction in teleosts.

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Ghrelin stimulation of gonadotropin (LH) release from goldfish pituitary cells: Presence of the growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R1a) and involvement of voltage-sensitive Ca2+ channels

Cited by 21 publications

References 61 publications

Ghrelin Receptors in Non-Mammalian Vertebrates

Ghrelin Receptors in Non-Mammalian Vertebrates

MOLECULAR EVOLUTION OF GPCRS: Ghrelin/ghrelin receptors

Central Pathways Integrating Metabolism and Reproduction in Teleosts

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