Ghrelin Stimulates Insulin Secretion from the Pancreas of Normal and Diabetic Rats

Adeghate, Ernest; Ponery, A. S.

doi:10.1046/j.1365-2826.2002.00811.x

Cited by 162 publications

(101 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…Some reports suggested that ghrelin either stimulates [18,19,22] or inhibits insulin secretion depending on the experimental condition [23,24]. There have been also some claims that insulin (and / or glucose) lowers circulating ghrelin [25].…”

Section: Ghrelin Level Versus Insulin Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Type 2 Diabetes and Total Ghrelin Level in a Population Sample in the United Arab Emirates

Farajallah¹,

Ahmed²,

Abdullah³

et al. 2014

iosrphr

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Section: Ghrelin Level Versus Insulin Levelmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Relationship between Type 2 Diabetes and Total Ghrelin Level in a Population Sample in the United Arab Emirates

Farajallah¹,

Ahmed²,

Abdullah³

et al. 2014

iosrphr

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“…Ghrelin may have direct biological action within the pancreas, potentially functioning during pancreatic development. Although these results remain controversial, in vivo peripheral administration of ghrelin modulated plasma insulin and glucose levels [4][5][6][7]. The growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHS-R), for which ghrelin can serve as a ligand, is expressed in the pancreas [8,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ghrelin prevents development of diabetes at adult age in streptozotocin-treated newborn rats

et al. 2006

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Aims/hypothesis: Ghrelin, a stomach-derived hormone, functions in multiple biological processes, including glucose metabolism and cellular differentiation and proliferation. In this study, we examined whether early treatment with ghrelin can regenerate beta cells of the pancreas in an animal model of diabetes mellitus, the n0-STZ model, in which neonatal rats are injected with streptozotocin (STZ) at birth.Methods: Following administration of ghrelin to n0-STZ rats from postnatal days 2 to 8, we examined beta cell mass, mRNA expression levels of insulin and of pancreatic and duodenal homeobox 1 (Pdx1) gene, and pancreatic morphology on days 21 and 70. In addition, we investigated the effects of ghrelin on beta cell replication. Results: By day 21, ghrelin treatment increased pancreatic expression of insulin and Pdx1 mRNA in n0-STZ rats. The number of replicating cells was also significantly increased in the ghrelin-treated n0-STZ model. At day 70, n0-STZ rats exhibited hyperglycaemia, despite slight increases in plasma insulin levels. Ghrelin treatment resulted in the improvement of plasma glucose levels, which were associated with normal plasma insulin levels. Pancreatic insulin mRNA and protein levels were significantly increased in ghrelin-treated n0-STZ model animals. Conclusions/interpretation: These findings suggest that ghrelin promotes regeneration of beta cells in STZ-treated newborn rats. Thus, early administration of ghrelin may help prevent the development of diabetes in disease-prone subjects after beta cell destruction.

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“…GHS-R1a is expressed in a multitude of tissues, including the hypothalamus, pituitary, stomach, small intestine, pancreas, colon, liver, kidney, adipose tissue, myocardium [48]. Not surprisingly, ghrelin has been linked to a diverse array of activities, including intestinal motility, regulation of pancreatic secretions, glucose metabolism, immunity, inflammation, and cardiac function [49][50][51].…”

Section: Ghrelinmentioning

confidence: 99%

Bariatric surgery for extreme adolescent obesity: Indications, outcomes, and physiologic effects on the gut–brain axis

Xanthakos

2008

Pathophysiology

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Objective-This review will summarize current indications, limitations and outcomes of bariatric surgery in adolescents, as well as provide an overview of the physiologic effects of bariatric surgery on enteric hormones involved in regulating appetite, satiation and maintenance of weight.Results-Extreme obesity (BMI ≥ 99 percentile) now affects 4% of children and adolescents in the United States. Traditional dietary and behavioral weight management methods have no demonstrated efficacy for extremely obese children and adolescents, in contrast with bariatric surgery which has produced significant and sustainable weight loss and associated improvements in comorbid diseases for the extremely obese. Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) and laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) are the most commonly performed bariatric surgical procedures in adolescents, but vertical sleeve gastrectomy may be a promising new option for selected extremely obese adolescents. A mean weight loss of 37-40% is achieved in adolescents after RYGB, with LAGB showing similar results, albeit attained at a slower rate.Conclusion-Alterations in the enteric hormones involved in the gut-brain axis that regulates appetite and energy expenditure may play a role in both the anorexigenic and weight-reducing effects of certain bariatric surgical procedures. In particular, RYGB induces a rise in both fasting and post-prandial peptide tyrosine-tyrosine which could contribute to the more rapid and greater degree of weight loss than is seen with LAGB. Limitations of bariatric surgery however include the potential for post-operative morbidity and mortality, as well as possible weight regain in a small proportion of patients.

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Ghrelin Stimulates Insulin Secretion from the Pancreas of Normal and Diabetic Rats

Cited by 162 publications

References 30 publications

The Relationship between Type 2 Diabetes and Total Ghrelin Level in a Population Sample in the United Arab Emirates

The Relationship between Type 2 Diabetes and Total Ghrelin Level in a Population Sample in the United Arab Emirates

Ghrelin prevents development of diabetes at adult age in streptozotocin-treated newborn rats

Bariatric surgery for extreme adolescent obesity: Indications, outcomes, and physiologic effects on the gut–brain axis

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