Ghrelin regulation of glucose metabolism

Poher, Anne-Laure; Tschöp, Matthias H.; Müller, Timo

doi:10.1016/j.peptides.2017.12.015

Cited by 132 publications

(102 citation statements)

References 142 publications

(158 reference statements)

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“…Ghrelin take part in glucose metabolism (Ledderose et al, 2011 ; Yada et al, 2014 ; Poher et al, 2018 ), and may function as a biomarker for IR in obesity, while the mechanisms remain undetermined. Ghrelin is primary produced by stomach, while the pancreas is also an important production site for ghrelin.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Correlation Between Circulating Ghrelin and Insulin Resistance in Obesity: A Meta-Analysis

et al. 2018

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Background: Ghrelin, a peptide mainly produced by stomach X-A cells. It plays a pivotal role in the regulation of food intake and energy metabolism, including glucose metabolism and insulin sensitivity. However, the correlation between circulating ghrelin levels and insulin resistance in obesity remained uncertain. This meta-analysis aimed to clarify the association between ghrelin and IR in obesity.Methods: A systematic literature search was performed using PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Web of Science until April 18, 2018 with the keywords “ghrelin” and “insulin resistance.” Two independent reviewers selected studies and assessed data. Subgroup analyses were performed to search for sources of heterogeneity. Funnel plots and Egger's test were used to detect publication bias. A random-effects model was used to calculate the pooled effect size.Results: Ten studies with 546 participants were included in this meta-analysis. We found that ghrelin levels were negatively correlated with IR in obese individuals. (r = −0.31; 95% CI: −0.45 to −0.18). Subgroup analysis revealed that circulating ghrelin levels were significantly negatively correlated with IR in people with normal fasting blood glucose (FBG) (<6.9 mmol/dl) (r = −0.28; 95% CI: −0.47 to −0.09, I2 = 39.5%), while there was no relationship between circulating ghrelin levels and IR in the high FBG group (>6.9 mmol/dl) (r = −0.15; 95% CI: −0.33 to 0.03, I2 = 0.0%). Publication bias was insignificant (Egger's test: P = 0.425).Conclusion: In obesity, circulating ghrelin levels were significantly negative correlated with insulin resistance in individuals with normal fasting blood glucose.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Correlation Between Circulating Ghrelin and Insulin Resistance in Obesity: A Meta-Analysis

et al. 2018

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“…Evidence suggests that ghrelin influences glucose homeostasis through the modulation of insulin secretion and insulin receptor signaling. On the other hand, insulin was also shown to influence circulating levels of ghrelin [10][11][12][13][14]. In clinical studies, ghrelin levels were initially measured from a unique sample in participants submitted to an overnight fast.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ghrelin Levels in Basal Conditions and During Glucose Tolerance Test in Prediabetic and Diabetic Patients

et al. 2018

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Ghrelin is associated with glucose homeostasis but its’ possible relevance with glucose levels in physiological and pathological conditions has so far been poorly investigated. The aim of the present study was to evaluate circulating ghrelin levels in prediabetic and diabetic patients in basal conditions and in response to oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). A total of 90 male adults aged 40 – 73 years old were enrolled in our study. Fasting and postprandial plasma ghrelin, insulin and glucose levels were measured at 0, 60, 120 and 180 min following an OGTT in 40 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), 20 with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and 30 controls. Incremental and total area under response curve were determined and calculated for glucose, insulin and ghrelin. Fasting plasma ghrelin concentrations were significantly lower in the T2DM group than IGT and control group patients (p<0.01) but not between healthy subjects and IGT group (p=0.746). In the diabetics’ group ghrelin levels showed a statistically significant negative correlation with insulin and a positive correlation with HbA1c and glucose. At all time points after the OGTT ghrelin concentrations were significantly lower in the T2DM group compared to IGT group and controls. Plasma ghrelin concentrations are lower in male diabetic patients at the fasting state and remain lower at all time points after an OGTT while minor differences were found between normal and IGT subjects. Ghrelin might play a role in insulin and glucose metabolism in diabetic patients but not in patients with IGT.

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“…The roles of ghrelin peptides in glucose homeostasis have been a hot area of research in recent years and is beyond the scope of this review on vascular protection. However, it is noteworthy that ghrelin peptides have opposing effects, as DAG promotes insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity while AG inhibits glucose-stimulated insulin release and increases lipogenesis, contributing to glucose intolerance (6,35); see recent review (7). For these reasons, based on various experimental and clinical evidence, some consider ghrelin antagonism to be a therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes (7).…”

Section: Effects Of Ag On Glucose Homeostasis and Associated Vascularmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, it is noteworthy that ghrelin peptides have opposing effects, as DAG promotes insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity while AG inhibits glucose-stimulated insulin release and increases lipogenesis, contributing to glucose intolerance (6,35); see recent review (7). For these reasons, based on various experimental and clinical evidence, some consider ghrelin antagonism to be a therapeutic target for type 2 diabetes (7). Nevertheless, it is important to understand that impaired incretin signaling contributes to glucose intolerance and poor glycemic control in type 2 diabetes.…”

Section: Effects Of Ag On Glucose Homeostasis and Associated Vascularmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ghrelin and vascular protection

et al. 2019

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Ghrelin is a small peptide with important roles in the regulation of appetite, gut motility, glucose homeostasis as well as cardiovascular protection. This review highlights the role that acyl ghrelin plays in maintaining normal endothelial function by maintaining the balance of vasodilator-vasoconstrictor factors, inhibiting inflammatory cytokine production and immune cell recruitment to sites of vascular injury and by promoting angiogenesis.

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Ghrelin regulation of glucose metabolism

Abstract: HighlightsGhrelin exerts broad pharmacological effects on systems metabolism.Ghrelin regulates glucose metabolism and insulin secretion in a variety of species.Ghrelin inhibition has pharmacological potential for the treatment of T2DM.

Cited by 132 publications

References 142 publications

The Correlation Between Circulating Ghrelin and Insulin Resistance in Obesity: A Meta-Analysis

The Correlation Between Circulating Ghrelin and Insulin Resistance in Obesity: A Meta-Analysis

Ghrelin Levels in Basal Conditions and During Glucose Tolerance Test in Prediabetic and Diabetic Patients

Ghrelin and vascular protection

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