Ghrelin regulates mitochondrial-lipid metabolism gene expression and tissue fat distribution in liver and skeletal muscle

Barazzoni, Rocco; Bosutti, Alessandra; Stebel, Marco; Cattin, Maria Rosa; Roder, Elena; Visintin, Luca; Cattin, Luigi; Biolo, Gianni; Zanetti, Michela; Guarnieri, Gianfranco

doi:10.1152/ajpendo.00115.2004

Cited by 221 publications

(201 citation statements)

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“…It is also probable that in the group of the youngest foals investigated here, the increase in plasma leptin concentration induced the rise in plasma ghrelin concentration. Ghrelin might also integrate the energy balance by the decrease of lipid oxidation in the liver, and favors fat utilization in muscles (Barazzoni et al, 2005). The appearance of a low level of this peptide after exercise promotes the utilization of fat in the liver.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In cases of low-caloric diets and chronic exercise, ghrelin levels were increased; and in states of obesity or after glucose challenge, the concentrations of this peptide were reduced (Meier and Gressner, 2004;. Ghrelin stimulates the release of the growth hormone from the pituitary gland and increases appetite, food intake, body weight (BW), energy balance and especially fat tissue by decreasing fat oxidation in the liver (Matyjek et al, 2004;Barazzoni et al, 2005). The value of this peptide decreases over the period of childhood and puberty (Broglio et al, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Plasma concentration of leptin and ghrelin in Standardbred foals as related to the age, sex, exercise and training

Kędzierski¹,

Kapica²

2008

Animal

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The effect of acute exercise was studied in a group of 42 clinically healthy young Standardbred trotters. These trotters had been divided into four groups according to their age. Their ages were from 1.5 to 3 years. Three jugular venous blood samples were collected via venipuncture from each horse. These samples were collected while (1) at rest, (2) after the end of the exercise and (3) 30 min after the end of the exercise. Exercise showed a significant increase in plasma leptin concentration (3.8 6 0.31 at rest v. 4.3 6 0.37 just after exercise and 4.4 6 0.47 ng/ml after a 30-min rest; ANOVA P , 0.05). The difference between values obtained 30 min after exercise and at rest was significantly greater in 1.5-year-old horses than in those aged 2.5 years (11.3 6 0.43 v. 10.1 6 0.15 ng/ml; ANOVA P , 0.05). The mean plasma leptin concentration was higher in fillies than in colts (4.9 6 0.47 v. 3.5 6 0.36 ng/ml; ANOVA P , 0.05). A positive correlation between the plasma concentrations of leptin and triacylglycerides measured just after exercise was detected (r 5 0.65). The acute exercise significantly increased the plasma concentration of ghrelin that was measured just after exercise (1255 6 55.9 v. 1127 6 54.2 pg/ml; ANOVA P , 0.05). The exercise-induced age-related changes in the plasma ghrelin concentration were significantly lower in 2.5-year-old trotters than in 1.5-year olds. To sum up, the changes in plasma leptin and ghrelin concentrations during bouts of exertion tend to decrease with age and/or training of Standardbred foals.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Plasma concentration of leptin and ghrelin in Standardbred foals as related to the age, sex, exercise and training

Kędzierski¹,

Kapica²

2008

Animal

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“…Ghrelin has previously been shown to enhance UCP2 mRNA expression in the pancreas (Sun et al 2006), liver (Barazzoni et al 2005), and white adipose tissue (Tsubone et al 2005). In the Andrews' study, ghrelin was shown to increase hypothalamic UCP2 mRNA expression (Andrews et al 2008).…”

Section: Ghrelin Acts Via Ucp2mentioning

confidence: 92%

Shedding light on the intricate puzzle of ghrelin's effects on appetite regulation

Kola¹,

Korbonits²

2009

Journal of Endocrinology

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Ghrelin, a hormone primarily produced by the stomach, has a wide range of metabolic and non-metabolic effects. It also stimulates food intake through activation of various hypothalamic and brain stem neurons. A series of recent studies have explored the intracellular mechanisms of the appetite-inducing effect of ghrelin in the hypothalamus, shedding light on the intricate mechanisms of appetite regulation. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a key metabolic enzyme involved in appetite regulation.Calmodulin kinase kinase 2 (CaMKK2) has been identified as an upstream kinase of AMPK and a key mediator in the effect of ghrelin on AMPK activity. The fatty acid pathway, hypothalamic mitochondrial respiration, and uncoupling protein 2 have been outlined as downstream targets of AMPK and mediators of ghrelin's appetite stimulating effect. This short overview summarises the present data in this field.

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“…In contrast, ghrelin inhibits lipid oxidation, decreasing activity and gene expression of the liver isoform of carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 (CPT1A) (Barazzoni et al 2005;Sangiao-Alvarellos et al 2009;Theander-Carrillo et al 2006). …”

Section: Page 5 Of 37mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In the hypothalamus, central and peripheral ghrelin treatments enhance protein levels of AMPK and this activation and alterations on lipid metabolism mediate the Page 17 of 37 A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t 17 orexigenic effects of ghrelin (Andersson et al 2004;Kohno et al 2008;Kola et al 2005Kola et al , 2008Lopez et al 2008). In fed animals peripheral chronic and acute ghrelin treatments provoked AMPK activation in the heart, while in liver and adipose tissue it was inhibited and no effect was detected on skeletal muscle (Barazzoni et al 2005;Kola et al 2005). In this work we showed that ghrelin neutralization caused lower AMPK total protein levels after 48 hours of refeeding compared with their controls, just like during 48 hours of fasting.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Ghrelin neutralization during fasting-refeeding cycle impairs the recuperation of body weight and alters hepatic energy metabolism

Sangiao‐Alvarellos

Helmling

Vázquez

et al. 2011

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology

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Ghrelin neutralization during fasting-refeeding cycle impairs the recuperation of body weight and alters hepatic energy metabolism.. Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology, Elsevier, 2011, 335 (2) This is a PDF file of an unedited manuscript that has been accepted for publication. As a service to our customers we are providing this early version of the manuscript. The manuscript will undergo copyediting, typesetting, and review of the resulting proof before it is published in its final form. Please note that during the production process errors may be discovered which could affect the content, and all legal disclaimers that apply to the journal pertain.Page 1 of 37A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t A c c e p t e d M a n u s c r i p t 2 ABSTRACT Ghrelin, a hormone whose levels increase during food deprivation, plays a pivotal role in the regulation of food intake, energy metabolism and storage, as well as in insulin sensitivity. Here, we investigated the effects of acyl-ghrelin neutralization with the acyl-ghrelin-binding compound NOX-B11(2) during the fasting-refeeding cycle. Our data demonstrate that ghrelin neutralization with NOX-B11(2) impairs recuperation of lost body weight after food deprivation. Analysis of enzymes involved in glucose and lipid metabolism in liver of fed, fasted and refed rats revealed that neutralization of acyl-ghrelin resulted in minor decreases in the enzymes of glycolytic and lipogenic pathways during fasting. However, during refeeding these enzymes as well as glycogen levels recovered more slowly when acyl-ghrelin was blocked. The high levels of ghrelin in response to food deprivation may contribute to an adequate decrease in hepatic glycolytic and lipogenic enzymes and aid in the recovery of body weight and energetic reserves once food becomes available after the fasting period.

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Ghrelin regulates mitochondrial-lipid metabolism gene expression and tissue fat distribution in liver and skeletal muscle

Abstract: . Ghrelin regulates mitochondrial-lipid metabolism gene expression and tissue fat distribution in liver and skeletal muscle.

Cited by 221 publications

References 59 publications

Plasma concentration of leptin and ghrelin in Standardbred foals as related to the age, sex, exercise and training

Plasma concentration of leptin and ghrelin in Standardbred foals as related to the age, sex, exercise and training

Shedding light on the intricate puzzle of ghrelin's effects on appetite regulation

Ghrelin neutralization during fasting-refeeding cycle impairs the recuperation of body weight and alters hepatic energy metabolism

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