Ghrelin Protects Against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcers in Rats: Studies on the Mechanisms of Action

Sibilia, V.; Rindi, Guido; Pagani, F.; Rapetti, D.; Locatelli, Vittorio; Torsello, Antonio; Campanini, Nicoletta; Deghenghi, Romano; Netti, C.

doi:10.1210/en.2002-220756

Cited by 169 publications

(143 citation statements)

References 36 publications

(26 reference statements)

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“…Multiple ulcers arise in rats when their gastric mucosa is exposed to ethanol (32,33). This makes it reasonable to assume that alcohol may have a toxic effect on ghrelin-secretory cells in the stomach, resulting in decreased hormone secretion.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory effect of alcohol on ghrelin secretion in normal man

Calissendorff

Danielsson²,

Brismar³

et al. 2005

eur j endocrinol

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Background: Human appetite is stimulated by alcohol but the underlying mechanism is unknown. It is possible that hunger-stimulating hormones are mediators of this effect of alcohol. Ghrelin stimulates hunger, but how alcohol affects human ghrelin secretion has never been studied before. Objective: To investigate whether alcohol ingestion exerts an acute influence on serum ghrelin concentrations in healthy subjects. Subjects and design: Eight healthy non-obese subjects participated in the study. All were investigated on two occasions (experiments A and B). Alcohol (0.55 g ethanol/kg body weight) was ingested in experiment A, and drinking-water in experiment B. Venous blood was collected before, and 30 and 60 min after consumption of the drinks. Serum concentrations of ghrelin, cortisol and ethanol were determined and neuropeptide Y (NPY) concentrations were determined in plasma. Results: Alcohol lowered the ghrelin level by 13.9^5.0% at 30 min and by 17.5^2.6% at 60 min, in contrast to drinking-water which was without significant effect. Serum levels of cortisol and insulin were similar after alcohol and water as was plasma NPY. Conclusion: Alcohol has an acute inhibitory influence on human ghrelin secretion but no measurable effect on the secretion of NPY and cortisol. Hence, none of these hormones mediate the orexigenic effect of the drug.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory effect of alcohol on ghrelin secretion in normal man

Calissendorff

Danielsson²,

Brismar³

et al. 2005

eur j endocrinol

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“…24 Moreover, a recent report suggests that ghrelin may induce the release of endogenous NO. 25 However, treatment with N G -nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, an inhibitor of NO synthase, did not block the inhibitory effects of ghrelin on TNF-␣-induced IL-8 release (data not shown). This latter finding suggests that stimulation of NO release does not mediate inhibition by ghrelin of TNF-␣-induced cytokine release in HUVECs.…”

Section: Effects Of Ghrelin On Lps-induced Cytokine Release In Vivomentioning

confidence: 90%

Ghrelin Inhibits Proinflammatory Responses and Nuclear Factor-κB Activation in Human Endothelial Cells

et al. 2004

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Background-Ghrelin is a novel growth hormone-releasing peptide that has been shown to improve cachexia in heart failure and cancer and to ameliorate the hemodynamic and metabolic disturbances in septic shock. Because cytokine-induced inflammation is critical in these pathological states and because the growth hormone secretagogue receptor has been identified in blood vessels, we examined whether ghrelin inhibits proinflammatory responses in human endothelial cells in vitro and after administration of endotoxin to rats in vivo. Methods and Results-Human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) were treated with or without tumor necrosis factor-␣ (TNF-␣), and induction of proinflammatory cytokines and mononuclear cell adhesion were determined. Ghrelin (0.1 to 1000 ng/mL) inhibited both basal and TNF-␣-induced cytokine release and mononuclear cell binding. Intravenous administration of ghrelin also inhibited endotoxin-induced proinflammatory cytokine production in rats in vivo. Ghrelin inhibited H 2 O 2 -induced cytokine release in HUVECs, suggesting that the peptide blocks redox-mediated cellular signaling. Moreover, ghrelin inhibited basal and TNF-␣-induced activation of nuclear factor-B. Des-acyl ghrelin had no effect on TNF-␣-induced cytokine production in HUVECs, suggesting that the antiinflammatory effects of ghrelin require interaction with endothelial growth hormone secretagogue receptors. Conclusions-Ghrelin inhibits proinflammatory cytokine production, mononuclear cell binding, and nuclear factor-B activation in human endothelial cells in vitro and endotoxin-induced cytokine production in vivo. These novel antiinflammatory actions of ghrelin suggest that the peptide could play a modulatory role in atherosclerosis, especially in obese patients, in whom ghrelin levels are reduced.

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“…Lipid peroksidasyonu hücresel membran hasarı ile son organ hasarına sebep olur ve renal iskeminin bir göstergesidir. GSH indirgenmiş tiyol ajanlarından biridir ve membran lipid peroksitlerini onarabilmektedir [26,27]. Çalışmamızda, serum fizyolojik uygulanan grupla karşılaştırıldığında her iki konsantrasyonda albumin uygulanan septik sıçanlarda böbrek fonksiyonlarının daha iyi, GSH düzeylerinin daha yüksek, MPO ve MDA düzeylerinin daha düşük olduğu saptandı.…”

Section: Discussionunclassified

Sepsis oluşturulan sıçanlarda farklı konsantrasyonlarda verilen albuminin böbrek antioksidan ve serbest oksijen radikalleri üzerine etkisi

Kara¹,

Umuroğlu²,

Gürsoy³

et al. 2014

MMJ

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ÖZET Amaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı sepsis oluşturulan sıçanlarda antioksidan özellikler gösteren albuminin farklı konsantrasyonlarının böbrek antioksidan düzeyleri ve böbrek fonksiyonları üzerine etkilerini araştırmaktır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Çalışmada 28 adet erişkin Sprague-Dawley sıçan 4 gruba ayrıldı. Birinci gruba (Grup K) herhangi bir ajan uygulanmadı. Diğer gruplarda intraabdominal sepsis oluşturuldu. İkinci gruba (Grup S) 90 dk süreyle 30 ml/kg serum fizyolojik infüzyonu, 3. gruba (Grup A5) 90 dk süreyle 15 ml/kg %5 albumin infüzyonu, 4. gruba (Grup A25) ise 45 dk süreyle 3 ml/kg %25 albumin infüzyonu uygulandı. 18. saatin sonunda tüm sıçanlara anestezi altında bilateral nefrektomi yapıldı. Kan üre nitrojeni, kreatinin ve albumin düzeylerini saptamak için böbrek venlerinden kan örnekleri alındı. Böbrek dokuları elektron mikroskobu altında diseke edilerek serbest oksijen radikalleri ve antioksidan düzeylerinin ölçümü yapıldı.Bulgular: Çalışmamızda serum fizyolojik uygulanan grupla karşılaştırıldığında her 2 konsantrasyonda albumin uygulanan septik sıçanlarda böbrek fonksiyonlarının daha iyi, glutatyon düzeylerinin daha yüksek, malondialdehit ve myeloperoksidaz düzeylerinin daha düşük olduğu saptandı. Ek olarak A25 grubunda kan üre nitrojeni ve böbrek glutatyon düzeyleri A5 grubuna göre belirgin yüksekti.Sonuç: Böbrek dokusunda antioksidan etkilerini saptadığımız %25 albuminin hızlı infüzyonunun sepsis olgularında kullanımının böbrek disfonksiyonu gelişmesini önleme veya geciktirme açısından yüz güldürücü olabileceği düşüncesine varılmıştır.Anahtar kelimeler: Sepsis, Albumin, Oksijen radikalleri, Antioksidan ajanlar ABSTRACTObjectives: The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of different concentrations of albumin, which has antioxidant characteristics on renal antioxidant levels and renal functions in rats with sepsis.Materials and Methods: Twenty-eight adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups. No agent was implemented to Group K. Group S received 30 ml/kg of saline infusion for 90 min, Group A5 received 15 ml/kg of 5% albumin infusion for 90 min and Group A25 received 3 ml/kg of 25% albumin infusion for 45 min. At the end of the 18th hour, bilateral nephrectomy was performed. Blood samples were taken to determine blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and albumin levels. Kidney tissue samples were dissected to measure the levels of free oxygen radicals and antioxidants.Results: Better renal function, higher levels of glutathione and malondialdehyde with lower myeloperoxidase levels were obtained in septic rats following treatment with 2 different concentrations of albumin. In Group A25, blood urea nitrogen and renal glutathione levels were significantly higher than in Group A5.Conclusion: We are of the opinion that the rapid infusion of 25% albumin may prevent or delay the occurrence of renal dysfunction in patients with sepsis.Key words: Sepsis, Albumin, Oxygen radicals, Antioxidants GirişGünümüzde sepsis insidansı giderek artmakta ve mortalite oranı %30 ila %50 arasında değişmektedir [1]. K...

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Ghrelin Protects Against Ethanol-Induced Gastric Ulcers in Rats: Studies on the Mechanisms of Action

Cited by 169 publications

References 36 publications

Inhibitory effect of alcohol on ghrelin secretion in normal man

Inhibitory effect of alcohol on ghrelin secretion in normal man

Ghrelin Inhibits Proinflammatory Responses and Nuclear Factor-κB Activation in Human Endothelial Cells

Sepsis oluşturulan sıçanlarda farklı konsantrasyonlarda verilen albuminin böbrek antioksidan ve serbest oksijen radikalleri üzerine etkisi

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