Ghost condensation on the lattice

Cucchieri, Attilio; Mendes, Tereza; Mihara, Antonio

doi:10.1103/physrevd.72.094505

Cited by 72 publications

(160 citation statements)

References 96 publications

(151 reference statements)

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“…[16,60] for definitions). In our simulations we consider all vectors k ≡ (k x , k y , k t ) with only one component different from zero and average over the three directions (for the symmetric lattices only).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infrared behavior of gluon and ghost propagators from asymmetric lattices

Cucchieri

Mendes

2006

Phys. Rev. D

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We present a numerical study of the lattice Landau gluon and ghost propagators in three-dimensional pure SU (2) gauge theory. Data have been obtained using asymmetric lattices (V = 20 2 ×60, 40 2 ×60, 8 2 × 64, 8 2 × 140, 12 2 × 140 and 16 2 × 140) for the lattice coupling β = 3.4, in the scaling region. We find that the gluon (respectively ghost) propagator is suppressed (respec. enhanced) at small momenta in the limit of large lattice volume V . By comparing these results with data obtained using symmetric lattices (V = 60 3 and 140 3 ), we find that both propagators suffer from systematic effects in the infrared region (p 650MeV). In particular, the gluon (respec. ghost) propagator is less IR-suppressed (respec. enhanced) than in the symmetric case. We discuss possible implications of the use of asymmetric lattices.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Infrared behavior of gluon and ghost propagators from asymmetric lattices

Cucchieri

Mendes

2006

Phys. Rev. D

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“…The bottom panels show the same, but for gauge algebras su(3-6) and g 2 in MLG [175]. Further lattice results can be found in [91,95,117,118,123,135,251,[253][254][255].…”

Section: Correlation Functions 411 Propagatorsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gauge bosons at zero and finite temperature

2013

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Gauge theories of the Yang-Mills type are the single most important building block of the standard model of particle physics and beyond. They are an integral part of the strong and weak interactions, and in their Abelian version of electromagnetism. Since Yang-Mills theories are gauge theories their elementary particles, the gauge bosons, cannot be described without fixing a gauge. Therefore, to obtain their properties a quantized and gauge-fixed setting is necessary.Beyond perturbation theory, gauge-fixing in non-Abelian gauge theories is obstructed by the Gribov-Singer ambiguity, which requires the introduction of non-local constraints. The construction and implementation of a method-independent gauge-fixing prescription to resolve this ambiguity is the single most important first step to describe gauge bosons beyond perturbation theory. Proposals for such a procedure, generalizing the perturbative Landau gauge, are described here. Their implementation are discussed for two example methods, lattice gauge theory and the quantum equations of motion.After gauge-fixing, it is possible to study gauge bosons in detail. The most direct access is provided by their correlation functions. The corresponding two-and three-point correlation functions are presented at all energy scales. These give access to the properties of the gauge bosons, like their absence from the asymptotic physical state space, particle-like properties at high energies, and the running coupling. Furthermore, auxiliary degrees of freedom are introduced during gauge-fixing, and their properties are discussed as well. These results are presented for two, three, and four dimensions, and for various gauge algebras.Finally, the modifications of the properties of gauge bosons at finite temperature are presented. Evidence is provided that these reflect the phase structure of Yang-Mills theory. However, it is found that the phase transition is not deconfining the gauge bosons, although the bulk thermodynamical behavior is of a Stefan-Boltzmann type. The resolution of this apparent contradiction is also presented. In addition, this resolution provides an explicit and constructive solution to the Linde problem.Thus, the technical and conceptual framework presented here can be taken as a basis how to determine correlation functions in Yang-Mills theory, therefore opening up the avenue to investigate theories of direct practical relevance. The status of this effort will be briefly described, alongside with connections to other approaches to Yang-Mills theory beyond perturbation theory.

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“…A simulation in the SU(2) lattice Landau gauge using a parameterization is performed in [21]. In [20] the ghost propagator in the condensed vacuum in SU (2) is expressed as c a c…”

Section: The Color Antisymmetric Ghost Propagatormentioning

confidence: 99%

“…We applied the method to zero temperature unquenched SU(3) configurations of MILC c and MILC f [9,10]. In [21], finite size effects expressed by r/L 2 is disentangled from the fitting of the lattice data of color antisymmetric ghost propagator in high momentum region, where the perturbative QCD (pQCD) is a good approximation, as…”

Section: The Color Antisymmetric Ghost Propagatormentioning

confidence: 99%

Infrared features of unquenched finite temperature lattice Landau gauge QCD

Furui

Nakajima

2007

Phys. Rev. D

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The color diagonal and color antisymmetric ghost propagators slightly above Tc of N f = 2 MILC 24 3 × 12 lattices are measured and compared with zero temperature unquenched N f = 2 + 1 MILCc 20 3 × 64 and MILC f 28 3 × 96 lattices and zero temperature quenched 56 4 β = 6.4 and 6.45 lattices. The expectation value of the color antisymmetric ghost propagator φ c (q) is zero but its Binder cumulant, which is consistent with that of N 2 c − 1 dimensional Gaussian distribution below Tc, decreases above Tc. Although the color diagonal ghost propagator is temperature independent, the l 1 norm of the color antisymmetric ghost propagator is temperature dependent. The expectation value of the ghost condensate observed at zero temperature unquenched configuration is consistent with 0 in T > Tc.We also measure transverse, magnetic and electric gluon propagator and extract gluon screening masses. The running coupling measured from the product of the gluon dressing function and the ghost dressing function are almost temperature independent but the effect of A 2 condensate observed at zero temperature is consistent with 0 in T > Tc.The transverse gluon dressing function at low temperature has a peak in the infrared at low temperature but it becomes flatter at high temperature. The magnetic gluon propagator at high momentum depends on the temperature. These data imply that the magnetic gluon propagator and the color antisymmetric ghost propagator are affected by the presence of dynamical quarks and there are strong non-perturbative effects through the temperature-dependent color anti-symmetric ghost propagator.

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Ghost condensation on the lattice

Cited by 72 publications

References 96 publications

Infrared behavior of gluon and ghost propagators from asymmetric lattices

Infrared behavior of gluon and ghost propagators from asymmetric lattices

Gauge bosons at zero and finite temperature

Infrared features of unquenched finite temperature lattice Landau gauge QCD

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