GHG Emissions and Efficiency of Energy Generation through Anaerobic Fermentation of Wetland Biomass

Czubaszek, Robert; Wysocka-Czubaszek, Agnieszka; Banaszuk, Piotr

doi:10.3390/en13246497

Cited by 13 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…AD utilizes biological conversion processes occurring under aerobic conditions, producing CH 4 -rich biogas and digestate (usually utilized as organic fertilizer) [46][47][48]. Each step of the digestion is mediated by specialized microorganisms that hydrolyze polymeric substances through enzyme action [49][50][51]. They are further broken down into fatty acids, alcohols, H 2, and CO 2 [52].…”

Section: Biomethane Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotechnological Valorization of Waste Glycerol into Gaseous Biofuels—A Review

Kazimierowicz,

Dębowski,

Zieliński

et al. 2024

Energies

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The supply of waste glycerol is rising steadily, partially due to the increased global production of biodiesel. Global biodiesel production totals about 47.1 billion liters and is a process that involves the co-production of waste glycerol, which accounts for over 12% of total esters produced. Waste glycerol is also generated during bioethanol production and is estimated to account for 10% of the total sugar consumed on average. Therefore, there is a real need to seek new technologies for reusing and neutralizing glycerol waste, as well as refining the existing ones. Biotechnological means of valorizing waste glycerol include converting it into gas biofuels via anaerobic fermentation processes. Glycerol-to-bioenergy conversion can be improved through the implementation of new technologies, the use of carefully selected or genetically modified microbial strains, the improvement of their metabolic efficiency, and the synthesis of new enzymes. The present study aimed to describe the mechanisms of microbial and anaerobic glycerol-to-biogas valorization processes (including methane, hydrogen, and biohythane) and assess their efficiency, as well as examine the progress of research and implementation work on the subject and present future avenues of research.

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Section: Biomethane Productionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Biotechnological Valorization of Waste Glycerol into Gaseous Biofuels—A Review

Kazimierowicz,

Dębowski,

Zieliński

et al. 2024

Energies

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“…In the EU country, all biofuels (solid, liquid or gaseous) have a subsidy from EU public budges and accordingly the production of biofuels is subject to sustainability criteria under the Renewable Energy Directive [5]. The Directive introduces significant restrains in the production of raw agricultural materials for energy use, mainly to protect primary forests and biodiversity.…”

Section: Biogasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Case Studies in Biogas Production from Different Substrates

Cioablă¹,

Popescu²

2022

Biogas - Basics, Integrated Approaches, and Case Studies

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The present paper involves applicative research in the field of biogas production with the accent on small laboratory scale installations built for biogas production, preliminary testing of substrate for biogas production and combustion applications for biogas-like mixtures. The interconnected aspect of the presented material involves cumulative expertise in multidisciplinary fields of interest and continuous development of possibilities to determine the energetic potential of substrates subjected to biodegradable fermentation conversion for further applications. The research analyzed the combustion behavior of biogas with different methane/carbon dioxide ratio without and in the presence of specific catalysts. Also, laboratory analysis on biomass substrates for determining their physical and chemical potential for different applications was performed. The main conclusions are drawn revolve around the untapped potential of the different types of biomasses that are not commonly used in the production of renewable energy carriers, like biogas, and also the potential use of residual biomass in combustion processes for an enclosed life cycle from cradle to the grave. The study involving the use of catalysts in biogas combustion processes present possible solutions which can be developed and implemented for increasing the combustion quality by using relatively cost-effective materials for the production of catalytic materials.

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“…Biogas can be produced by wet (WF) or dry fermentation (DF) technology. DF technology is simpler to operate, more energy-efficient [13], and avoids several problems that often occur in WF [14,15]. Despite various process parameters and the feedstock, the core communities of microorganisms in digesters operating under dry and wet conditions are similar [16], and the CH 4 yield of both technologies is comparable to laboratory experiments [17] and the industrial scale [18].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Grass from Road Verges as a Substrate for Biogas Production

et al. 2023

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Maintenance of urban green infrastructure generates a large amount of biomass that can be considered a valuable feedstock for biogas production. This study aims to determine the effect of the cutting time and method of substrate preservation on the specific methane yield (SMY) of urban grass collected from road verges and median strips between roadways in wet (WF) and dry fermentation (DF) technology. The grass was collected three times in a growing season, including in spring, summer, and autumn. The biochemical methane potential (BMP) test was performed on fresh grass, grass ensiled without additives, and grass ensiled with microbiological additives. In addition, the energy potentially produced from biogas and the avoided CO2 emissions were calculated. The highest SMY (274.18 ± 22.59 NL kgVS−1) was observed for the fresh grass collected in spring and subjected to WF. At the same time, the lowest CH4 production (182.63 ± 0.48 NL kgVS−1) was found in the grass ensiled without additives, collected in summer, and digested in DF technology. A comparison of the SMY obtained from the same grass samples in the WF and DF technologies revealed that higher CH4 yields were produced in WF. The electricity and heat production were affected by the time of grass cutting, ensilage method, and AD technology. Generally, less electricity but more heat was produced in DF technology. The least electricity (469–548 kWh tDM−1) was produced from the grass cut in spring and subjected to DF, while the most electricity (621–698 kWh tDM−1) was obtained from the grass collected in autumn and subjected to WF. In the case of heat production, the situation was reversed. The least heat (1.4–1.9 GJ tDM−1) was produced by the grass collected in spring and subjected to WF, while the most heat (2.2–2.7 GJ tDM−1) was produced by the grass collected in autumn and subjected to DF. Ensilage decreased the electricity and heat production in almost all the cuttings. The total reduction in CO2 emissions may amount to 2400 kg CO2 per 1 hectare of road verges. This significant reduction demonstrates that the use of grass from roadside verges in biogas plants should be considered a feasible option. Even though urban grass should be considered a co-substrate only, it can be a valuable feedstock that may partially substitute energy crops and reduce the area needed for energy purposes. Our results reveal that biogas production from the grass waste in WF technology is a stable process. The cutting time and preservation method do not affect the AD process. In DF technology, fresh grass, especially from the late growing season used as feedstock, extends the time of biomass decomposition and, therefore, should be avoided in a real-life biogas plant.

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GHG Emissions and Efficiency of Energy Generation through Anaerobic Fermentation of Wetland Biomass

Cited by 13 publications

References 78 publications

Biotechnological Valorization of Waste Glycerol into Gaseous Biofuels—A Review

Biotechnological Valorization of Waste Glycerol into Gaseous Biofuels—A Review

Case Studies in Biogas Production from Different Substrates

Grass from Road Verges as a Substrate for Biogas Production

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