“…As a consequence, poverty rates increased rapidly, incomes polarized and unemployment started to become a structural problem, particularly in some of the most economically marginalized communities. Although a good deal of attention has been focused on high concentrations of unemployment and poverty in marginal regions (Váradi, 2005; see also Rainnie et al, 2002), other more recent work has also highlighted that poverty and inequality have been associated with areas of high economic growth as well as with processes of 'ghettoization' and the exclusion and impoverishment of Roma minorities in urban space (see, inter alia, Smith et al, 2008b;Stenning et al, 2010, on in-work poverty, and Ladányi, 1993, and Kovács, 2006, on the exclusion of Roma populations in city spaces).…”