Abstract:Les femmes et le plafond de verre sont la problématique du siècle. Briser le plafond de verre est un des moyens pour les entreprises de s’assurer la performance et la compétitivité. Les recherches tentent de comprendre comment les femmes managers arrivent à briser le plafond de verre et atteindre les postes de top Management. Au Maroc, briser le plafond de verre est primordial pour les entreprises et l’économie du pays. Même si, les barrières culturelles sont fortes, certaines femmes y arrivent et brisent le p… Show more
“…It is well known that gender inequality is deeply rooted throughout the world (Jayachandran 2015). Women face greater difficulty in achieving higher levels of education, accessing better opportunities in the workplace, occupying high positions of power in their companies (the glass ceiling theory) (Akpinar-Sposito 2013), and having less economic power than men (Sahraoui 2016;Ibourk and Elouaourti 2023). Women's voices throughout the world are protesting and demanding their right to gender equality.…”
Our study analyzes the relationship between digital financial inclusion and women’s labor force participation, as well as shedding light on the barriers to women’s digital financial inclusion. We have mobilized a microeconomic database that covers 15,192 African women. Our database is extracted from the Global Findex database, 2021 edition, based on nationally representative surveys of 29 African countries. The Probit model estimation methodology is used to examine the empirical results. Our findings reveal that financial inclusion via the digital channel is positively associated with women’s labor force participation more than the traditional channel. A significant and positive impact of formal financial services channels on the level of women’s participation in the labor market was uncovered. Our research has shown that women face a variety of obstacles when it comes to accessing financial services, both through traditional channels and digital means. These barriers include nonvoluntary obstacles in traditional financial inclusion channels. However, as a woman’s income level increases, the intensity of these barriers decreases. When it comes to digital financial inclusion, women often face a unique set of obstacles, such as the high cost of mobile financial services, lack of money, and lack of access to a cellphone. The study contributes to the existing literature by investigating the impact of digital financial inclusion on women’s labor force participation in African countries and identifying barriers that hinder women’s digital financial inclusion based on individual-level data. It suggests that African policymakers should increase women’s financial inclusion through digital channels to improve their participation in the labor market.
“…It is well known that gender inequality is deeply rooted throughout the world (Jayachandran 2015). Women face greater difficulty in achieving higher levels of education, accessing better opportunities in the workplace, occupying high positions of power in their companies (the glass ceiling theory) (Akpinar-Sposito 2013), and having less economic power than men (Sahraoui 2016;Ibourk and Elouaourti 2023). Women's voices throughout the world are protesting and demanding their right to gender equality.…”
Our study analyzes the relationship between digital financial inclusion and women’s labor force participation, as well as shedding light on the barriers to women’s digital financial inclusion. We have mobilized a microeconomic database that covers 15,192 African women. Our database is extracted from the Global Findex database, 2021 edition, based on nationally representative surveys of 29 African countries. The Probit model estimation methodology is used to examine the empirical results. Our findings reveal that financial inclusion via the digital channel is positively associated with women’s labor force participation more than the traditional channel. A significant and positive impact of formal financial services channels on the level of women’s participation in the labor market was uncovered. Our research has shown that women face a variety of obstacles when it comes to accessing financial services, both through traditional channels and digital means. These barriers include nonvoluntary obstacles in traditional financial inclusion channels. However, as a woman’s income level increases, the intensity of these barriers decreases. When it comes to digital financial inclusion, women often face a unique set of obstacles, such as the high cost of mobile financial services, lack of money, and lack of access to a cellphone. The study contributes to the existing literature by investigating the impact of digital financial inclusion on women’s labor force participation in African countries and identifying barriers that hinder women’s digital financial inclusion based on individual-level data. It suggests that African policymakers should increase women’s financial inclusion through digital channels to improve their participation in the labor market.
“…Following are some potential arguments that may contribute to this disparity. Societal norms and expectations: traditional gender roles and societal expectations may discourage women from pursuing leadership positions in business (Sahraoui, 2016). Women may be expected to prioritize their family responsibilities over their career, limiting their ability to dedicate time and resources to their businesses.…”
Section: Empirical Methodology: Data Variables and Empirical Modelmentioning
This study examines the effects of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) pandemic on Moroccan female‐led firms, considering both short‐term and long‐term impacts. It investigates the influence of different pandemic waves on these firms, taking into account their size and location, to gain valuable insights into their crisis management strategies. Using a micro‐level database made up of 1,096 Moroccan firms observed during the initial three waves of the pandemic, we extract data from the World Bank ‘Enterprise Survey: impact on firms’ database. Our analysis, using a logit model, reveals that the impact of the pandemic varied by the gender of the firm head and survey period. Female‐led firms were more severely affected by the health crisis compared with their male peers. The quick application of policy adaptations played a crucial role in reducing the impact of the health crisis on male‐led enterprises. Small firms, particularly those situated in regions such as Beni Mellal‐Khenifra, Drâa‐Tafilalet, Oriental, and Marrakech‐Safi, have been significantly affected by the COVID‐19 crisis. This study makes two key contributions. Firstly, it provides an empirical analysis of the pandemic's impact on Moroccan firms using enterprise‐level data, which is unprecedented in Morocco. Secondly, it investigates the repercussions of the pandemic on female‐led Moroccan firms of varying sizes and regions, acknowledging the disproportionate impact on women during economic crises. The study aims to offer valuable insights for supporting the recovery of female‐led firms in the future. Our findings emphasize the importance of targeted assistance for small firms and those located in affected regions to mitigate the crisis's consequences and promote economic revival. These businesses play a crucial role in the local economy, and supporting their survival and resilience in the post‐COVID‐19 era is essential.
Cet article a pour objectif de lire les trajectoires professionnelles des femmes à travers la théorie de l’intersectionnalité. En prenant comme cas d’étude le Maroc, tentons de comprendre si les grilles de lecture intersectionnelles seraient pertinentes. Le Maroc est un pays où l’arsenal juridique et institutionnel appuie la présence la présence des femmes dans le champ économique, mais où le taux d’activité féminin ne cesse de baisser. Les grilles intersectionnelles pourraient en effet expliquer les périls subis par les femmes -occultés par les grilles classiques -et donner de nouveaux éclairages aux trajectoires professionnelles des femmes.
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