Gestión Económica Ambiental Del Sector Curtiembre De Ambato

Guajala, Mery Esperanza Ruiz; Abril, César Medardo Mayorga; Falcón, Luis Marcelo Mantilla; Chalán, Patricia Alexandra López

doi:10.22287/ag.v1i17.330

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 1 publication

(1 reference statement)

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“…En América Latina las curtiembres causan contaminación especialmente en el agua dando dificultades ambientales, intoxicando la biodiversidad por la descarga de altas concentraciones de material inorgánico especialmente cromo hexavalente y la realidad ecuatoriana de algunas ciudades donde el sustento económico prima, ante todo, las curtiembres no presentan planes de cuidado y protección ambiental en cumplimiento de la normativa vigente para crear un compromiso social y responsable [22]. Por otra parte, es importante incluir medidas de recuperación del cromo con enfoque preventivo basándose en programas de producción más limpia (PML) en el sector de las curtiembres [23].…”

Section: Resultados Y Discusiónunclassified

Hexavalent Chromium in Waters for Human Consumption and Irrigation in the Guano Canton

Castillo-López

Salas-Cisneros

Logroño-Veloz

et al. 2021

espoch

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Introduction: Considering the geographical location and industrial activities of the county Guano, which lies on an aquifer that supply water for both consumption and crop irrigation, it is necessary to examine the levels of chromium (Cr) in its watershed and tributaries. Objective: To evaluate the amount of Cr existing in the surface waters of the Guano river basin and aquifer. Methods: Several samples of the river and aquifer were taken and the amount of Cr present was measured. Using Z-test, Cr levels found in the water were compared with those recommended as normal by the World Health Organization (WHO), national standards of the Texto Unificado de Legislación Secundaria de Medio Ambiente (TULSMA) and the Servicio Ecuatoriano de Normalización 1108 ( INEN 1108). Results: Relatively high Cr values were found when compared with those established by the WHO. However, they were normal when compared with TULSMA and INEN 1108. Conclusion: The levels of Cr found in the Guano river and the aquifer were higher than those recommended by the WHO. It is recommended to replicate our findings in order to corroborate the results and to take appropriate measures in order to reduce water contamination. Keywords: chromium, water, Guano, Ecuador. Resumen Introducción: Considerando la ubicación geográfica y actividades industriales del cantón Guano el cual yace sobre un acuífero que sustenta las necesidades de agua tanto para consumo y riego de la población es necesario examinar los niveles de Cromo (Cr) en su vertiente como sus afluentes. Objetivo: Evaluar la cantidad de Cr existente en las aguas superficiales de la cuenca del río Guano y en pequeños ojos de agua provenientes del acuífero. Métodos: Se tomó varias muestras de agua del río y ojos de agua y se midió la cantidad de Cr presente. Por medio de la prueba Z se comparó los niveles de Cr con los recomendados como normales por la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS), normas nacionales del Texto Unificado de Legislación Secundaria de Medio Ambiente (TULSMA) y Servicio Ecuatoriano de Normalización 1108 (INEN 1108). Resultados: Se encontró valores relativamente altos de Cr al compararlos con los establecidos por la OMS. Sin embargo, estos se encontraron dentro de rangos normales al compararlos con TULSMA e INEN 1108. Conclusiones: Los niveles de Cr encontrados en el río Guano y ojos de agua del acuífero son superiores a los recomendados por la OMS. Se recomienda replicar los hallazgos para corroborar los resultados y tomar las medidas adecuadas para reducir la contaminación del agua. Palabras clave: cromo, agua, Guano, Ecuador.

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Section: Resultados Y Discusiónunclassified

Hexavalent Chromium in Waters for Human Consumption and Irrigation in the Guano Canton

Castillo-López

Salas-Cisneros

Logroño-Veloz

et al. 2021

espoch

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“…Participation in the leather production chain is an important axis in the production of tanned skins at the national level with a 76% contribution [4], a necessary input for the manufacture of footwear that comes to cover 80% of the country's domestic consumption, in addition to other derivative products. According to Ministerio de Producción, Comercio Exterior, Inversiones y Pesca de Ecuador, the intermediate and final industries (IIF) of textile and leather generate a greater contribution to this industry, with a rate of participation in Tungurahua of 75.6% in artisanal, tanning, leather, and footwear activities [2].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…For this reason, a strategic change in the sector should be proposed to integrate circular processes based on design to transform waste into new functional products, described by [4] as the "application of new materials or recycled materials to obtain new products". In addition, this will allow us to establish the possibilities of use for other sectors of the economy and the viability of these processes for use and commercialization.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Leather Industry Waste Management for Architectural Design

Paucar Samaniego,

Santamaría Aguirre,

Amancha

et al. 2024

Sustainability

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The leather and footwear cluster in Tungurahua state has a main role in the country’s production chain, supplying 76% of the country’s tanned hides for the textile, footwear, and furniture industries, among others. The processes involved in leather tanning generate liquid, gaseous, and solid waste, the latter including the shavings from the leather trimming process, which, due to their composition and volume, are compressed and disposed of in sanitary landfills. Through Strategic Design and circular processes, as axes of change in production, new processes and strategies are established for the creation of products derived from the reuse of tannery waste; as a result, a decorative block is obtained for the design of architectural spaces with dimensions of 150 × 75 × 355 mm, 300 g in weight, and a compressive strength of 15.72 MPa. This is subjected to physicochemical tests for its validation.

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Strategic Design for Leather Tannery Industries

Paucar

Proaño

Aguirre

et al. 2021

JDS

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The province of Tungurahua in Ecuador has a participation of 76% at the national level within the leather production chain with the production of raw materials, these are used in the manufacture of 80% of footwear in the country. These production processes generate environmental problems, the greatest impact being on the water, due to the dumping of liquid waste with chemical contents in rivers, this generates bad odors, gases, smoke and polluting solid waste from this process. According to data from tanneries, approximately 88% of the raw material is transformed, while the remaining 12% is considered as waste (leather trimmings), which are used in other manufacturing processes (footwear, textile industry, leather goods and others), the chip obtained from the process is compressed and discarded. As a preventive action, a process is proposed to generate new products through the use of waste obtained from leather processing. The design methodology is the Double Diamond: discover, define, develop and deliver a new product that reuses this waste, a block of dimensions 150 x 75 x 5 mm and 300 grams of weight was obtained, which can be applied in the sector of construction and allow the transition from a linear production process to a circular process.

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Gestión Económica Ambiental Del Sector Curtiembre De Ambato

Cited by 3 publications

References 1 publication

Hexavalent Chromium in Waters for Human Consumption and Irrigation in the Guano Canton

Hexavalent Chromium in Waters for Human Consumption and Irrigation in the Guano Canton

Leather Industry Waste Management for Architectural Design

Strategic Design for Leather Tannery Industries

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