Gestational Trophoblastic Disease: General Aspects

Hui, Pei

doi:10.1007/978-1-61779-394-3_1

Cited by 6 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 101 publications

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“…Gestational trophoblastic disease (GTD) was first defined more than a century ago as a group of disorders caused by abnormal proliferation of the placental trophoblasts [ 5 , 6 ]. The tropho-blasts produce β-hCG and it is thus it is elevated in all forms of GTD [ 6 , 7 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Invasive moles are characterized by trophoblastic overgrowth with penetration into the myometrium [ 7 ]. Gestational choriocarcinoma consists of sheets of primitive trophoblastic cells lacking villous structures with a propensity for vascular invasion [ 5 , 7 ]. PSTT is made up of intermediate trophoblastic cells at the placental site.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PSTT is made up of intermediate trophoblastic cells at the placental site. ETT develops due to the neoplastic transformation of intermediate trophoblasts of chorion laeve [ 5 , 7 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The incidence of GTD is highest in Southeast Asian countries while it is lowest in European and North American countries [ 5 ]. The incidence of GTD in North America and Europe has remained constant between 1–2/1000 deliveries [ 8 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…GTD incidence is higher in both extremes of maternal age, with bimodal risk distribution [ 5 , 7 ]. Previous spontaneous abortion doubles the risk of molar pregnancy and a previous GTD is associated with 10 times increased risk of molar pregnancy [ 2 , 3 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Rare Case of Combined Choriocarcinoma and Placental Site Trophoblastic Tumor Presenting as Skin Lesion: A Case Report

et al. 2022

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Patient: Female, 41-year-old Final Diagnosis: Choriocarcinoma • gestational thropoblastic neoplasia • placental site tumor Symptoms: Headache • scalp swelling • soft tissue swelling Medication: — Clinical Procedure: — Specialty: Dermatology • Obstetrics and Gynecology • Oncology Objective: Unusual clinical course Background: Despite the tendency to metastasize widely, Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia (GTN) is one of the most curable solid tumors with chemotherapy. Case Report: A 41-year-old female, G4P2A2, presented with a slowly growing lump on the left side of the scalp associated with a headache. The patient had intermittent, sharp left eye pain which radiated to the side of her face, photophobia, early morning blurring of vision, and nausea. Palpation over scalp lesion produced deep retro-orbital pain and pain was exacerbated with bending over. An ophthalmological evaluation was unremarkable. Ultrasonography (USG) of the left scalp showed an intramuscular mass superficial to the left frontal bone. During excision biopsy, the mass was found to be invading the frontal bone. Histopathology showed a metastatic trophoblastic tumor with mixed features of choriocarcinoma and placental site trophoblastic tumor. A pregnancy test was positive, the beta HCG level was elevated but USG did not show intrauterine pregnancy. CT head demonstrated an intracranial, dural-based mass that extended against the brain but did not breach the pial membrane. CT chest, abdomen, pelvis, and PET scan showed no evidence of metastatic disease. She was successfully treated with resection of the transcranial lesion followed by aggressive chemotherapy – Etoposide, Methotrexate, Actinomycin-D, Vincristine, and Cyclophosphamide. Conclusions: This was an unusual case of GTN due to its primary presentation as skin metastasis, without any lung metastasis and no identifiable primary lesion. It is also very unusual to see a combination of choriocarcinoma and placental site trophoblastic tumor cells in the same tumor mass.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…PSTT is made up of intermediate trophoblastic cells at the placental site. ETT develops due to the neoplastic transformation of intermediate trophoblasts of chorion laeve [ 5 , 7 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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A Rare Case of Combined Choriocarcinoma and Placental Site Trophoblastic Tumor Presenting as Skin Lesion: A Case Report

et al. 2022

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A case report of atypical preeclampsia with severity criteria for hydatidiform complete mole

Pérez‐Nieto¹,

Herrera‐Venegas²,

Pozos-Cortés

et al. 2023

Clinical Case Reports

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Preeclampsia is defined as elevation of blood pressure and any of the following severity criteria: proteinuria, thrombocytopenia, elevation of creatinine in the absence of another renal pathology, elevation of transaminases, pulmonary edema, or neurological symptoms. However, after 20 weeks of gestation in a previously normotensive patient, cases of preeclampsia associated with molar pregnancy have been described in patients at less than 20 weeks of gestation. A 26-year-old woman, at 14.1 weeks of gestation was admitted to the lower extremities with facial edema, holocranial headache, nausea, epigastralgia, phosphenes, and photophobia, with a double-length uterine fundus for gestational age and ultrasonography. Obstetricians who showed images of snowflakes without fetuses and annexes had multiple thecal-lutein cysts. Atypical preeclampsia was identified using the severity data for complete hydatidiform moles. Given the possibility of serious complications that may endanger the life of the maternal-fetal binomial, atypical forms of preeclampsia should be suspected.

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The Presence of the Autophagic Markers LC3B and Sequestosome 1/p62 in the Hydatidiform Mole

Karpathiou

Dridi

Papoudou‐Bai

et al. 2022

International Journal of Gynecological Pathology

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Autophagy is implicated in normal pregnancy and various pathologic pregnancy conditions. Its presence in hydatidiform moles (HM) is unknown. We immunohistochemically studied 36 HM for LC3B and p62 to precisely determine their expression in the decidua, endometrium, and villi. Nineteen nonmolar pregnancies were also studied. LC3B was found in almost half of the villi and p62 was found in almost all villi. LC3B expression was significantly higher in complete HM than in partial HM. LC3B showed different expression patterns in trophoblast layers. LC3B and p62 expression was higher in molar than nonmolar pregnancies. Autophagic markers are present in HM and their expression differs between complete and partial moles.

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Gestational Trophoblastic Disease: General Aspects

Cited by 6 publications

References 101 publications

A Rare Case of Combined Choriocarcinoma and Placental Site Trophoblastic Tumor Presenting as Skin Lesion: A Case Report

A Rare Case of Combined Choriocarcinoma and Placental Site Trophoblastic Tumor Presenting as Skin Lesion: A Case Report

A case report of atypical preeclampsia with severity criteria for hydatidiform complete mole

The Presence of the Autophagic Markers LC3B and Sequestosome 1/p62 in the Hydatidiform Mole

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