Gestational exposure to silver nanoparticles enhances immune adaptation and protection against streptozotocin-induced diabetic nephropathy in mice offspring

Immunotoxicity of metal and metal oxide nanoparticles: from toxic mechanisms to metabolism and outcomes

“…It is worth noting that the study by Tiwari R. et al showed that perinatal exposure to Ag NPs may reprogram immunometabolism and promote pancreatic β-cell death and renal damage in mice [205] . This study also found that exposure to low doses of Ag NPs during pregnancy enhances immune adaptation and can protect mouse offspring against STZinduced diabetic nephropathy by altering immunometabolism [206] . In addition, NPs have been shown to improve the activity of NK cells, enhancing their anti-tumour and anti-viral functions, by promoting the metabolic reprogramming of immune cells to effectively modulate their responses to immunotherapies [207] .…”

“…205 This study also found that exposure to low doses of Ag NPs during pregnancy enhanced immune adaptation and could protect mouse offspring against STZ-induced diabetic nephropathy by altering immunometabolism. 206 In addition, NPs have been shown to improve the activity of NK cells, enhancing their anti-tumour and anti-viral functions, by promoting the metabolic reprogramming of immune cells to effectively modulate their responses to immunotherapies. 207 Therefore, by utilising the unique functional properties of NPs to promote the metabolic reprogramming of cells, the therapeutic efficacy can be enhanced and toxic effects can be attenuated.…”

Application of nanotechnology in the treatment of glomerulonephritis: current status and future perspectives

“…After DN was induced in these offspring by STZ, histopathological analysis showed that the damage to renal tubules and glomeruli was significantly reduced compared with that in the control group. This demonstrated the renoprotective effect of AgNPs [ 85 ]. AuNPs have been proven to have hypoglycemic effects in STZ-induced diabetes animal models [ 86 ].…”

Developmental impacts and toxicological hallmarks of silver nanoparticles across diverse biological models

“… Oral gavage GD18, offspring assessed at PD2, 28, 90 days, and 10 months, 12 months Low-dose gestational exposure to AgNPs (0.5 mg per kg body weight per d) can reprogram offspring's immunity, the effects of which persist until late adulthood, exhibiting enduring enhanced protective immune responses toward external stresses. [ 48 ] Immune and metabolic disturbance, pancreatic and renal damage Swiss albino mice AgNPs Sigma Aldrich (Catalog number 576832) 0.5, 5, and 50 ppm (mg L −1 ) 15 days before mating and during pregnancy, the offspring were separated from the mother at PD28. Oral gavage PD28 and PD150 AgNPs suffice to induce significant proinflammatory and immune responses in offspring, cause metabolic reprogramming, and impair glucose homeostasis and glucose assimilation, all of which are risks of pancreatic and renal damage to offspring later in life, especially to β-cell, tubular, and glomerular regions.…”

“…This review compiled previous findings on the developmental toxicity of AgNPs in various in vivo and in vitro models, including zebrafish, mammal rodents, and embryonic stem cells (ESCs). We discuss the long-term adverse effects on future generations, such as neurodevelopmental impairment [ [40] , [41] , [42] ], reproductive insufficiency [ 43 , 44 ], hepatotoxicity [ 45 ], cardiopulmonary malfunction [ 46 ], pancreatic and kidney damage [ 47 ], and immunometabolism disorders [ 48 ], as well as controversial results regarding fetal and offspring consequences [ 48 , 49 ]. The underlying hallmarks of AgNPs-induced developmental damage are also explored, including redox disequilibrium, inflammatory response, genetic materials lesions, and subcellular dysfunction.…”