Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Risk of Childhood Overweight and Obesity in Offspring: A Systematic Review

Kim, Shin Y.; England, Jade; Sharma, Jyotismita; Njoroge, Terry

doi:10.1155/2011/541308

Cited by 161 publications

(160 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(29 reference statements)

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“…This phenotype is likely due to the direct result of ICP on the fetus, as pregnant women with diabetes and preeclampsia were excluded, and the data were adjusted to correct for the effects of maternal BMI, parity, and gestational age at birth. Thus, we aimed to avoid the confounding effects of disorders known to program metabolic disease in the offspring (34)(35)(36). We also found levels of lipids in umbilical cord serum from ICP cases to be increased at term.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Maternal cholestasis during pregnancy programs metabolic disease in offspring

Papacleovoulou¹,

Abu‐Hayyeh²,

et al. 2013

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The intrauterine environment is a major contributor to increased rates of metabolic disease in adults. Intrahepatic cholestasis of pregnancy (ICP) is a liver disease of pregnancy that affects 0.5%-2% of pregnant women and is characterized by increased bile acid levels in the maternal serum. The influence of ICP on the metabolic health of offspring is unknown. We analyzed the Northern Finland birth cohort 1985-1986 database and found that 16-year-old children of mothers with ICP had altered lipid profiles. Males had increased BMI, and females exhibited increased waist and hip girth compared with the offspring of uncomplicated pregnancies. We further investigated the effect of maternal cholestasis on the metabolism of adult offspring in the mouse. Females from cholestatic mothers developed a severe obese, diabetic phenotype with hepatosteatosis following a Western diet, whereas matched mice not exposed to cholestasis in utero did not. Female littermates were susceptible to metabolic disease before dietary challenge. Human and mouse studies showed an accumulation of lipids in the fetoplacental unit and increased transplacental cholesterol transport in cholestatic pregnancy. We believe this is the first report showing that cholestatic pregnancy in the absence of altered maternal BMI or diabetes can program metabolic disease in the offspring.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Maternal cholestasis during pregnancy programs metabolic disease in offspring

Papacleovoulou¹,

Abu‐Hayyeh²,

et al. 2013

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“…Macrosomic infants born to diabetic mothers have been found to be more glucose intolerant between the ages of 10-16 years, are more likely to be obese, and are at a greater risk for T2DM (Silverman et al 1998). Because of methodological differences in current studies, the long-term effect of GDM on child outcomes is not fully understood, but studies do suggest that increased rates of obesity, T2DM, and other cardiovascular conditions may result (Kim et al 2011;Simeoni and Barker 2009). …”

Section: Gestational Diabetes (Gdm)mentioning

confidence: 97%

Pediatric Type 2 Diabetes: Prevention and Treatment Through a Life Course Health Development Framework

Salsberry

Tanda

Anderson

et al. 2017

Handbook of Life Course Health Development

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Estimates project that one in three US adults may have diabetes in 2050. Until very recently, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was a disease diagnosed in adults, but as the childhood obesity epidemic has spread, the diagnosis of T2DM in adolescents has become more common. Early indicators suggest that the disease may be more severe and more difficult to manage when diagnosed in adolescents. It is projected that adolescents with T2DM will lose approximately 15 years of life. The economic burden of T2DM rises significantly as the years with disease increase. This grim forecast highlights that not only will the disease burden be significant but the economic burden will be high. The risk for developing T2DM begins in utero. Individual health development trajectories build from this starting point, the result of multiple factors that accumulate across time and are the result of biological conditioning during sensitive developmental periods. A major aim of this chapter is to demonstrate that a life course health development approach to pediatric T2DM is critical to a sound national strategy to prevent and treat pediatric T2DM. We review major factors known to influence the development of pediatric T2DM and track these across childhood. While these factors will likely change over the next decade, what will not change is the importance of placing these factors into context and recognizing that T2DM development is highly sensitive to the timing and social structures of multiple environmental exposures. Research recommendations are discussed through a life course lens.

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“…Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) being firstly recognized during pregnancy is defined as glucose intolerance of variable severity (Kim et al, 2011). About 5% of pregnant females are affected by gestational diabetes mellitus and its frequency is expected to increase as the obesity increases.…”

Section: Gestational Diabetesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Natural remedies for diabetes mellitus

et al. 2016

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Diabetes is a metabolic disorder and a progressive disease that needs proper attention as uncontrolled diabetes can lead to various acute and chronic complications such as retinopathy, nephropathy, neuropathy, gastropathy etc. Pharmacological management of diabetes is costly and has certain side effects. There is a need for the usage of natural diet in the management of diabetes, as it will be cost effective, easy to use and having no side effects. Healthy individuals must also be aware of healthy eating routines. The purpose of this review article is to highlight the importance of dietary management of diabetes. More than 81 plant species have anti-diabetic activities. In this review article, some of the most commonly used natural anti-diabetic sources are mentioned, some of which have already been used for management of diabetes since ancient times.Tariq et al., International Current Pharmaceutical Journal, October 2016, 5(11): 97-102http://www.icpjonline.com/documents/Vol5Issue11/02.pdf

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Gestational Diabetes Mellitus and Risk of Childhood Overweight and Obesity in Offspring: A Systematic Review

Cited by 161 publications

References 37 publications

Maternal cholestasis during pregnancy programs metabolic disease in offspring

Maternal cholestasis during pregnancy programs metabolic disease in offspring

Pediatric Type 2 Diabetes: Prevention and Treatment Through a Life Course Health Development Framework

Natural remedies for diabetes mellitus

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