Gestational and lactational feeding strategies for gilts: Growth, carcass characteristics and meat quality of the progeny

Fortin, A.; Clowes, E. J.; Schaefer, A. L.

doi:10.4141/a01-093

Cited by 5 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…The gestation feeding regimens generated no differences in mammary development at d 26 of lactation, or on fetal growth and development evident at birth or during lactation. Lactation protein loss and gestation treatment effects on the growth of the gilt's progeny to market weight (106 kg) and their carcass composition at slaughter are described in Fortin et al (2003).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parturition body size and body protein loss during lactation influence performance during lactation and ovarian function at weaning in first-parity sows1

Clowes

Aherne

Schaefer

et al. 2003

Journal of Animal Science

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102

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We investigated the effect of body protein mass at parturition and different degrees of body protein loss in lactation on sow performance. In a 2 x 2 factorial arrangement, 77 Genex gilts were fed to achieve either a standard or high body mass at parturition and to lose either a moderate (MPL) or high (HPL) amount of protein in lactation. Pregnant gilts were fed either 24.4 MJ of ME, 266 g of CP, and 11 g of lysine/d or 34.0 MJ of ME, 436 g of CP, and 20 g of lysine/d resulting in divergent (P < 0.01) live weights (165 vs. 193 kg) and calculated protein masses (24.3 vs. 30.0 kg) and slightly different backfat depths (20.0 vs. 22.8 mm; P < 0.05) at parturition. Diets fed during lactation were formulated to deliver 731 g of CP and 37 g of lysine/d or 416 g of CP and 22 g of lysine/d to induce differential body protein mobilization. Sows were slaughtered at weaning (d 26), and the weight of the organs and the lean, fat, and bone in five primal cuts was measured. The external diameter of the eight largest follicles on each ovary was recorded, and the follicular fluid from these follicles was collected, weighed, and analyzed for estradiol. Losses in lactational live weight (26 vs. 20 kg; P < 0.01) and calculated protein mass (17.8 vs. 10.7%; P < 0.001) were greater, and the carcass lean mass at weaning was 10% lighter (P < 0.05) in HPL sows. Backfat (5.1 +/- 0.8 mm; P = 0.29) and calculated fat mass (25.8 +/- 1.5%; P = 0.84) losses did not differ between treatments. Both sow body mass (P < 0.05) and lactation protein loss (P < 0.01) affected litter growth rate. Litter growth rate decreased (P < 0.05) at the end of lactation in HPL sows once these sows had lost 10 to 12% of their calculated protein mass. Ovarian follicular development was most advanced in high body mass sows that lost the least protein; these sows had the heaviest (P < 0.05) uterine weight and highest (P < 0.05) follicular fluid estradiol concentration. Follicular development was least advanced in standard body mass sows that lost the most protein. These sows had the lowest (P < 0.05) muscle:bone ratio at weaning and likely lost the largest proportion of their muscle mass compared with the other treatments. In conclusion, ovarian function at weaning and litter performance was higher in high body mass sows and in sows that lost the least protein in lactation, suggesting that a larger lean mass may delay the onset of a decrease in performance in sows that lose protein in lactation.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parturition body size and body protein loss during lactation influence performance during lactation and ovarian function at weaning in first-parity sows1

Clowes

Aherne

Schaefer

et al. 2003

Journal of Animal Science

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102

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“…Ad libitum feeding has been shown to result in higher daily gain, inferior feed efficiency and lower lean meat percentage than restricted feeding (Thomke et al, 1995). Castrates versus gilts show higher daily feed intake and daily gain Larzul et al, 1997), lower lean meat percentage (Cisneros et al, 1996;Fortin et al, 2003) and inferior feed efficiency (Thomke et al, 1995).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Influence of feeding regime, sex and fasting time prior to slaughter on growth rate, carcass characteristics, ultimate pH and skin damage of pigs

Sterten

Fr⊘ystein

Ekker

et al. 2009

Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A - Animal Science

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Effects of feeding regime and sex on growth performance and carcass characteristics of pigs and of various fasting times and lairage times prior to slaughter on ultimate pH (pHu) of the neck and loin muscle, degree of gut fill and skin damage were investigated. Two hundred and seventy pigs were used involving two sexes (gilts and castrates), two feeding regimes (restricted and ad libitum) and four fasting treatments. The castrates grew faster and produced fatter carcasses than gilts, while restricted feeding tended to improve feed efficiency and led to leaner carcasses compared to ad libitum feeding. Prolonged pre-slaughter fasting period and lairage time led to reduction of the weight of the gastrointestinal tract and higher extent of fighting and skin damage. pHu in the neck muscle was indicative for the extent of fighting and skin damages, and might be a parameter for selecting raw material for dry-cured hams.

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“…Several attempts have been made to influence post-natal growth and improve pork carcass and meat quality by increasing sow feed intake and using different growth promoters during gestation (Penny et al 2000;Fortin et al 2003;Rehfeldt et al 2004). The administration of porcine somatotropin (ST) or growth hormone (GH) to pregnant gilts increased foetal growth and muscle development in newborn piglets (Sterle et al 1995;Rehfeldt et al 2001a;Gatford et al 2003).…”

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confidence: 99%

Growth-hormone-releasing factor given to early-pregnant Genex-Meishan and Large White gilts: Effects on growth, carcass, meat quality and histochemical traits of the progeny

Faucitano¹,

Pomar²,

Gariépy³

et al. 2005

Can. J. Anim. Sci.

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Faucitano, L., Pomar, C., Gariépy, C. and Farmer, C. 2005. Growth-hormone releasing factor given to early-pregnant GenexMeishan and Large White gilts: Effects on growth, carcass, meat quality and histochemical traits of the progeny. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 85: 37-46. The objective of this study was to determine the effects of growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF) given in early gestation on post-weaning performance, carcass and meat quality and histochemical properties of two pig genotypes. Large White (LW, n = 10) and Genex Meishan-derived dam line (GM, with 50% Meishan genes, n = 10) gilts were treated during gestation with either saline injections (control, n = 5 LW and 5 GM), or 6.6 µg kg -1 of a GRF analog (n = 5 LW and 5 GM), given thrice daily from days 18 to 33 of gestation. After birth, at 56 d of age, four piglets (two barrows and two gilts) each from 20 litters were selected, allotted into individual pens and grown to slaughter weight (108.2 ± 2.3 kg). Feed intake was measured daily and pigs were weighed weekly. Prenatal GRF treatment had a detrimental effect (P < 0.05) on daily gain in both genotypes, but did not affect carcass quality. Significant interactions between GRF, genotype and sex (P < 0.01) for colour traits of the longissimus (L) and semimembranosus (SM) muscles and between GRF and genotype (P < 0.01) for shear force of the L muscle were found. GM pigs had lower growth rate (P < 0.01), higher feed intake (P < 0.05), fatter and shorter carcass (P < 0.001) than LW. L and SM muscles from GM pigs were less exudative (P < 0.05) than LW. L muscle from LW had higher percentages of slow oxidative (SO) (P < 0.001) and fast oxidative glycolytic (FOG) (P < 0.01) fibres but lower percentage of fast glycolytic (FG) fibres (P < 0.001) than that of GM. The results suggest that GRF given in early lactation reduces post-weaning growth of pigs from either breed, but does not affect carcass quality. GM pigs have poorer carcass quality than LW.Key words: Gestating gilts, growth hormone releasing factor, growth, carcass characteristics, meat quality traits, muscle fibre, pig Faucitano, L., Pomar, C., Gariépy, C. et Farmer, C. 2005. Apport de somatocrinine exogène en début de gestation chez des cochettes Genex-Meishan et Large White : effets sur la croissance, la qualité de la carcasse, la qualité de la viande et les propriétés histochimiques de la progéniture. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 85: 37-46. L'objectif de cette étude était de déterminer les effets de l'apport de somatocrinine en début de gestation sur les performances post-sevrage, la qualité de la carcasse et la qualité de la viande des deux lignées génétiques de porcs. Des cochettes gravides LW (n = 10) et GM (avec 50% de gènes Meishan; n = 10) ont été traitées durant la gestation avec des injections de saline (contrôle; n = 5 LW et 5 GM) et; 2) et de 6,6 µg kg -1 d'un analogue de la somatocrinine (n = 5 LW et 5 GM), données trois fois par jour des jours 18 à 33 de gestation. À 56 jours d'âge, quatre porcelets (deux mâles castrés et deux cochettes) ont été sélecti...

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Gestational and lactational feeding strategies for gilts: Growth, carcass characteristics and meat quality of the progeny

Cited by 5 publications

References 21 publications

Parturition body size and body protein loss during lactation influence performance during lactation and ovarian function at weaning in first-parity sows1

Parturition body size and body protein loss during lactation influence performance during lactation and ovarian function at weaning in first-parity sows1

Influence of feeding regime, sex and fasting time prior to slaughter on growth rate, carcass characteristics, ultimate pH and skin damage of pigs

Growth-hormone-releasing factor given to early-pregnant Genex-Meishan and Large White gilts: Effects on growth, carcass, meat quality and histochemical traits of the progeny

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