Geschlechtsabhängige Variationen im Verlauf schizophrener Krankheit

Mc, Angermeyer

doi:10.1055/s-2007-1001152

Cited by 7 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 26 publications

(41 reference statements)

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“…sem Thema spiegelt diesen Sachverhalt wider. Übersichtsarbeiten haben in jüngster Zeit Flor-Henry (1985), Seeman (1986), Avison u. Nixon-Speechley (1987) und aus unserem Institut Angermeyer (1989bzw. Angermeyer et al 1989) publiziert.…”

Section: )unclassified

Geschlechtsunterschiede bei schizophrenen Erkrankungen

Häfner

Riecher²,

Maurer³

et al. 1991

Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr

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Sex differences in schizophrenic diseases have been known for a long time but have also been subject to long-term neglect by psychiatric epidemiological research, although a study of these sex differences could, in our opinion, yield valuable pointers to pathogenic factors involved in this group of diseases the aetiology of which still awaits clarification. For this reason we initiated large-scale investigations focussed on this topic. The paper presented here discusses a few initial results, basing on data of Mannheim and National Danish Case Records and on our own study on schizophrenia, the latter being a representative record of 392 patients hospitalised for the first time in the Rhine-Neckar region and the eastern part of the Palatinate. First of all, sex differences at the age at which the disease appeared for the first time, were studied while paying close attention to artifacts and other, usually neglected methodical error sources. The difference in the average age of the sexes at first hospitalisation was confirmed, and also--using an instrument specially developed for that purpose--at the onset of the disease. At the time the first signs of the disease are noticed and the first schizophrenic symptoms become apparent, men are about 3 to 4 years younger than women. On the other hand, the cumulative lifetime risk--calculated up to 60 years of age--seems to be the same for both sexes. It appears that there are no sex differences in the pattern of symptoms of the disease at the time of initial hospital admittance, in respect of both the most common and the characteristic signs and symptoms. There were significant although quantitatively not very great differences in respect of patient behaviour which displays socially positive aspects somewhat more often in women and socially negative ones distinctly more often in men. In respect of the course of the disease we could not find any marked sex differences over a period of 10 years after onset of the disease; however, this is presently based only on the Danish case record data and on criteria of the course of the disease, such as number and duration of inpatient treatments.

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Section: )unclassified

Geschlechtsunterschiede bei schizophrenen Erkrankungen

Häfner

Riecher²,

Maurer³

et al. 1991

Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr

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“…In einer ausgedehnten Literaturrecherche findet Angermeyer (1989) in der Hälfte der von ihm erfaßten Untersuchungen geschlechtsabhängige Unterschiede des Schizophrenieverlaufs: Frauen erreichen eine höhere prämorbide Anpassung, vor allem sind sie häufiger verheiratet als Männer, sie erkranken später, und sie zeigen bessere Verläufe bez. Institutionskarriere, Psychopathologie und sozialer Anpassung (Häfner 1987).…”

Section: Das Geschlechtunclassified

Prädiktoren des Schizophrenieverlaufs - eine Literaturübersicht

Hubschmid

Ciompi²

1990

Fortschr Neurol Psychiatr

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As the course of schizophrenia shows a large variability, a prognosis of outcome is extremely difficult. The search for valid predictors shows that there exist numerous predictors with variable predictive significance for distinct outcome criteria and also for different phases of the illness. The indications in the literature are accordingly variable or even inconsistent. The following statements seem us to be proved: A good premorbid social adjustment, a harmonious premorbid personality, and an acute onset of the illness predict a better course, whereas an insidious onset and a development of marked negative symptoms correspond to a poorer outcome. A combination of several factors improves the predictive significance. The importance of the following indicators remains questionable: Genetic loading, neuropathological findings, positive symptoms, and age at onset of the illness. Equally open are these questions: How are the various indicators interrelated and for what span of time have they a predictive power? Psychosocial indicators have more predictive significance than the so far known biological variables. Probably the difficulties in finding valid predictors are not only related to unsolved methodological problems, but above all to intrinsic characteristics of the illness itself.

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“…Angermeyer (1989) et Angermeyer et coll. (1989) ont publié récemment deux articles sur l'évolution spécifique de la schizophrénie pour chaque sexe.…”

Section: Evolution Et Aboutissement Spécifiques De La Schizophrénie Sunclassified

Différences selon le sexe dans l’âge d’apparition, la symptomatologie et l’évolution de la schizophrénie

Häfner¹,

Fätkenheuer²,

Heiden³

et al. 2007

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RÉSUMÉ Les différences selon le sexe dans l'âge d'apparition, la symptomatologie et l'évolution de la schizophrénie sont examinées par une analyse de cas dûment enregistrés et par une enquête directe à partir d'un échantillon représentatif de patients hospitalisés pour la première fois. La découverte centrale que les hommes deviennent schizophrènes à un âge plus précoce que les femmes se confirme après avoir écarté d'autres interprétations dues à des distorsions d'échantillonnage, à des différences d'intervalle entre l'apparition effective de la maladie et la première admission à l'hôpital, à des différences par sexe dans le développement des symptômes ou à d'autres facteurs confondants. Si l'on cherche les causes de ces différences entre hommes et femmes, il semble que les perturbations du début du développement social doivent être comprises alors comme les conséquences d'une schizophrénie débutante plutôt que comme ses conditions d'apparition. Il en ressort le besoin de modèles expliI catifs qui permettent de tester empiriquement les hypothèses sur le développement spécifique de la schizophrénie dans l'un et l'autre sexe.

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Geschlechtsabhängige Variationen im Verlauf schizophrener Krankheit

Cited by 7 publications

References 26 publications

Geschlechtsunterschiede bei schizophrenen Erkrankungen

Geschlechtsunterschiede bei schizophrenen Erkrankungen

Prädiktoren des Schizophrenieverlaufs - eine Literaturübersicht

Différences selon le sexe dans l’âge d’apparition, la symptomatologie et l’évolution de la schizophrénie

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