Gerontological Aspects of Genome Peptide Regulation

Khavinson, V. Kh.; Malinin, V. V.

doi:10.1159/isbn.978-3-318-01193-7

Cited by 76 publications

(21 citation statements)

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“…The 35 year experience of studies carried out in St. Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontol ogy, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences prove that peptide complex epithalamine extracted from animal PG [34][35][36][37][38] and the tetrapeptide epithalon synthesized on its basis are of pronounced geroprotective effect on the PG.…”

Section: The Possibility Of Restoration Of Pg Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Study of the pharmacological characteristics of peptide extraction from the PG showed that it participates in the regulation of the hor mone status through the effect on the hypothalmicpituitary system [35]. On the basis of the study of the amino acid content of epithalamine and in accordance with the processing regulation theory, epithalon (AE 0, Ala-Glu-Asp-Gly) was synthesized.…”

Section: The Possibility Of Restoration Of Pg Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Morphofunctional and molecular bases of pineal gland aging

Khavinson

Linkova

2012

Hum Physiol

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Together with the hypophysis and hypothalamus, the epiphysis (pineal gland, PG) is one of the highest centers of the endocrine system of the body [1]. The aging rate of the neuroimmunoendocrine system and age related pathology development are connected with involution of the PG, which, in turn, is determined to a greater degree by a decrease in its functional activity and to a lesser degree, by morphological and molecular changes [2,3]. Morphological Changes in the PG with AgingThe study of autopsy samples of the PGs obtained from 2700 subjects aged from several months to 90 years can be used as the initial point for the analysis of pub lished data on age related changes in the PG. It was shown that PG weight increases from 80-100 to 150 160 mg in the age interval 10-50 years [4]. PG weight is inversely proportional to sexual activity; therefore, this index is higher in pubertal and post menopausal peri ods than in the period of sexual maturity. The increase in the gland weight during aging was related to an increase in the volume of fibrous tissue and the number of cysts without a significant decrease in the number of pinealocytes in an organ's parenchyma. Changes in the connective tissue composition have been observed: the number of collagen fibers is increased, and the number of argyrophilic fibers is decreased [5].According to the computed tomography data, the volume of the PG characterizing its functional activity decreased at the age interval from 21 to 60 and then sta bilized [6]. These data are in good correlation with the study [7], which shows that there are no pronounced differences in PG structures at a young and elderly age.Sequential changes in three prevaling types of PG structure (cellular, trabecular, and alveolar) occur [8].The cellular type of structure of the PG is typical of a young age. PG is represented by a continuous field of pinealocytes.The trabecular type of the PG, glandular tissue with differently directed stromal septum, is typical of mid dle aged subjects. Replacement of the trabecular type by the alveolar type of PG structure is typical of elderly subjects. Trabeculae subdivide PG in alveolar structure into circular or polygonal lobules separated by stromal rings.In addition, one can see age related changes in the vessels of the PG. After birth, PG vessels are located among pinealocytes. Expansion of argyrophilic stroma around the vessels that takes place with age is the reason of the transition from a cellular to trabecular type of structure of the PG. A dense network of vessels enlaces the parenchymal lobules of the PG determining its alve olar structure. In subjects over 60 years of age, one can see the appearance of outgrowths of the reticular frame of connective tissue in the development of sclerosing processes in the PG. The blood circulation in the PG is decreased as compared to subjects aged 40-45 years. Age related decrease in trophism in the PG results in involution changes in its cells, pinealocytes.Accumulation of lipofuscin and lipid inclusions, as well as fragmentati...

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Section: The Possibility Of Restoration Of Pg Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Possibility Of Restoration Of Pg Functionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Morphofunctional and molecular bases of pineal gland aging

Khavinson

Linkova

2012

Hum Physiol

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“…Then for any interior point use the level value of u together with the 2D value of the point on the boundary for the associated trajectory to construct Darcyan coordinates. Unfortunately we cannot guarantee that for 3D each interior point is passed through by exactly one trajectory; according to Khavinson (2005) this question has not yet been resolved. For the time being we therefore have to consider this suggestion only as a tentative solution.…”

Section: Darcyan Coordinatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The author has benefitted from detailed discussions with A. Srivastava who contributed substantially to this study. We are also grateful to D. Khavinson (2005) for informative comments about the potential theoretic question in Section 4. M. Brewster and B. Gidas helped with the technical layout of the paper.…”

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confidence: 99%

On the mathematics of growth

Grenander

2007

Quart. Appl. Math.

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“…1 The endogenous components of living cells, peptide bioregulators, demonstrate diverse biological effects; they are effective at low concentrations and show no side effects. [2][3][4] However, their therapeutic use is limited by their permeability through the blood-brain barrier, relatively rapid metabolization, and effect on the immune system. Short synthetic analogs of neuropeptides that preserve their specific activity do not have these restrictions.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pinealon Increases Cell Viability by Suppression of Free Radical Levels and Activating Proliferative Processes

Khavinson

Ribakova²,

Кулебякин³

et al. 2011

Rejuvenation Research

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The synthetic tripeptide pinealon (Glu-Asp-Arg) demonstrates dose-dependent restriction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation in cerebellar granule cells, neutrophils, and pheochromocytoma (PC12) cells, induced by oxidative stress stimulated by receptor-dependent or -independent processes. At the same time, pinealon decreases necrotic cell death measured by the propidium iodide test. The protective effect of pinealon is accompanied with a delayed time course of ERK 1/2 activation and modification of the cell cycle. Because restriction of ROS accumulation and cell mortality is saturated at lower concentrations, whereas cell cycle modulation continues at higher concentrations of pinealon, one can conclude that besides its known antioxidant activity, pinealon is able to interact directly with the cell genome.

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Gerontological Aspects of Genome Peptide Regulation

Cited by 76 publications

References 0 publications

Morphofunctional and molecular bases of pineal gland aging

Morphofunctional and molecular bases of pineal gland aging

On the mathematics of growth

Pinealon Increases Cell Viability by Suppression of Free Radical Levels and Activating Proliferative Processes

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