Germination Response of MR 219 Rice Variety to Different Exposure Times and Periods of 2450 MHz Microwave Frequency

Abstract

Germination is a key process in plants' phenological cycles. Accelerating this process could lead to improvment of the seedling growth as well as the cultivation efficiency. To achieve this, the effect of microwave frequency on the germination of rice seeds was examined. The physiological feedbacks of the MR 219 rice variety in terms of seed germination rate (GR), germination percentage (GP), and mean germination time (MGT) were analyzed by exposing its seeds to 2450 MHz of microwave frequency for one, four, seven, and ten hours. It was revealed that exposing the seeds to the microwave frequency for 10 hours resulted in the highest GP. This treatment led to 100% of germination after three days with a mean germination time of 2.1 days. Although the other exposure times of microwave frequency caused the moderate effects on germination with a GPa3 ranged from 93% to 98%, they failed to reduce the MGTa3. The results showed that ten-hour exposure times of microwave frequency for six days significantly facilitated and improved the germination indices (primary shoot and root length). Therefore, the technique is expected to benefit the improvement of rice seed germination considering its simplicity and efficacy in increasing the germination percentage and rate as well as the primary shoot and root length without causing any environmental toxicity.

Physical Methods for Seed Invigoration: Advantages and Challenges in Seed Technology

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Enhancing somatic embryogenesis of Malaysian rice cultivar MR219 using adjuvant materials in a high-efficiency protocol

“…Azizi et al (2015) showed that two Malaysian cultivars, namely MARDI's Quality rice 74 (MRQ74) and MRQ50, also had the lowest number of callus induction from seed, proliferation and regeneration frequency. Among the four Malaysian upland rice cultivars, Kusan and Siam cultivars showed lowest response in terms of callus induction frequency and regeneration capability of the embryogenic callus (Shahsavari 2010 (Talei et al 2013). The cultivar has been considered as a high production rice with an appropriate quality in taste and shape, but sensitive to environmental changes (Panjaitan et al 2009).…”

Application of Response Surface Methodology for Optimization of Urea Grafted Multiwalled Carbon Nanotubes in Enhancing Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Nitrogen Uptake by Paddy Plants

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