Germination of Mayweed (<i>Anthemis cotula</i>) Achenes and Seed

Gealy, David R.; Young, Frank L.; Morrow, Larry A.

doi:10.1017/s0043174500083946

Cited by 22 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…In a study of Anthemis cotula as a non‐native weed, achenes which had been stored for about 6 months and were germinated in darkness reached final germination of 20–45% under constant temperatures of 10, 15, 20 and 25 °C, but germination was 12% or less in the extreme temperatures of 5, 30 and 35 °C (Gealy et al . ). In our study, there was no effect of temperature or diurnal oscillation, and final germination was low (<3%) for A. cotula .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Hydrothermal thresholds for seed germination in winter annual forbs from old‐field Mediterranean landscapes

Frischie

Fernández-Pascual

Ramírez³

et al. 2018

Plant Biol J

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Under Mediterranean climates with dry-hot summers and cool-wet winters, many forbs with potential for habitat restoration are winter annuals, but there is little information about their germination. We performed laboratory germination experiments on 13 ruderal dicots native to Andalusia (southern Spain). We measured the germination of recently harvested seeds from natural populations across nine temperature treatments (from 5 to 35 °C, constant and alternate); two storage periods; and eight water stress treatments (from 0 to -1.0 MPa). We then calculated the hydrothermal thresholds for seed germination. Final germination ranged from 0-100% and results were mixed in response to temperature. Base temperature was below 6 °C, optimal temperature was around 14 °C and the ceiling temperature around 23 °C. For five species, 10 months of storage improved total germination, indicating a dormancy-breaking effect, but the other species did not respond or had their germination reduced. All species were relatively tolerant to water stress, with base water potential ranging from -0.8 to -1.8 MPa. Our results suggest that hydrothermal germination thresholds, rather than physiological dormancy, are the main drivers of germination phenology in annual forbs from Mediterranean semi-dry environments. The variation in germination responses of these forb species differs from winter annual grasses, but their seeds are all suitable for being stored before restoration.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Hydrothermal thresholds for seed germination in winter annual forbs from old‐field Mediterranean landscapes

Frischie

Fernández-Pascual

Ramírez³

et al. 2018

Plant Biol J

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“…oxygen entry or carbon dioxide dissipation), presence of chemical inhibitors in the coat or prevention of the escape of inhibitors from the embryo, modification of light reaching the embryo or exertion of a mechanical restraint. Pericarp‐imposed dormancy has been observed in a number of other weed species such as Anthemis cotula L. (Gealy et al. , 1985), Oryza sativa L. (weedy rice) (Gu et al.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of environmental factors on seed germination and seedling emergence of invasive Ceratocarpus arenarius

Ebrahimi

Eslami

2011

Weed Research

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Ceratocarpus arenarius is a problematic and noxious weed of dryland farming in North Khorasan, Iran. Experiments were conducted to investigate the mechanism of seed dormancy, as well as the effect of environmental factors on germination and emergence of this species. Results showed that the pericarp is the major obstacle to seed germination; seeds without an intact pericarp had germination rates exceeding 90%. Ceratocarpus arenarius had identical germination rates in either light ⁄ dark and continuous dark conditions, indicating that this weed species is non-photoblastic. Germination was >35% over a range of alternating light ⁄ dark temperatures (10 ⁄ 5, 20 ⁄ 10, 25 ⁄ 15, 30 ⁄ 20 and 35 ⁄ 25°C), with maximum germination (96%) at 25 ⁄ 15°C. Ceratocarpus arenarius seeds germinated at rates >20% in high levels of salinity (800 mM) and osmotic potential ()1 MPa), indicating that this species is tolerant to saline conditions and drought stress during germination and early seedling growth. Maximum germination of C. arenarius seeds occurred at a pH range of 7-9. Seedlings emerged from burial depths ranging from 0 (without covering with filter paper) to 6 cm, and the maximum emergence (94%) was observed in seeds placed on the soil surface covered with three layers of filter paper. This suggests that minimum-and no-till systems would increase seedling emergence of this species through maintaining crop residues and seeds on the soil surface. These attributes, coupled with tolerance to salinity and drought stress during germination, should be taken into account when managing C. arenarius.

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“…seed seed coats as they mature, a process that has been attribcoat-imposed donnancy (Qi et al, 1993), In other spe-uted to oxidation and polymerization of phenolics in the cies, dormancy imposed by seed coat or pericarp has coat tissue. Deposition of polymerized phenolics has been attributed to various catjses, including low perme-been correlated with the development of water impermeability of the coat to water (Egley et al 1983) or O2 ability in the mature seed coat in Sida spinosa (Egley et (Edelstein et al 1995), mechanical suppression of ger-al, 1983), Oxidation of seed coat phenolics to quinones mination (Blumenthal et al, 1986, Gealy et al, 1985, during seed mattjration, as well as quinone polymerizaand release of dormancy-inducing factors (Thapliyal and tion and quinone-protein interaction, may also render the Nautiyal 1989). The seed coat of C. officinale does not seed coats of wild pea (Pisum etatius) impermeable to interfere with water absorption, but may inhibit germi-water (Marbach and Mayer 1975).…”

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confidence: 99%

Development of seed coat‐imposed dormancy during seed maturation in Cynoglossum officinale

Stabell

Upadhyaya

Ellis

1996

Physiologia Plantarum

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Development of seed coat-imposed dormancy during seed maturation in Cynoglossum officinale. -Physiol Plant, 97: 28-34,The relationship between seed phenolics and appearance of seed coat-imposed dormancy during seed development in Cynoglossum officinale L, was studied. Up to 24 days after anthesis, seeds failed to genninate upon imbibition in Petri dishes at 25°G, At 44 days after anthesis, seeds were fully geiminable; removal of seed coats did not improve their germination or O2 uptake. At 72 days after anthesis. mature seeds at the base of the cyme did not germinate unless their coats were removed. Removal of seed coat also stimulated O2 uptake at this harvest date. The methanol-soluble phenolic content of the seeds increased during the early stages of seed development, in both the seed coat and the embryo. As seed development continued, the methanol-soluble phenolic content of the embtyo stabilized, but that of the seed coat declined. This decline was associated with an increase in the thioglycohc acid-soluble phenolics, presumably lignins, in the seed coat. These results suggest that polymerization of methanol-soluble phenolics into lignins in the seed coat during later stages of seed development renders the seed coat of C. officinale impermeable to Oj, and thus keeps the seed dormant.

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Germination of Mayweed (Anthemis cotula) Achenes and Seed

Cited by 22 publications

References 5 publications

Hydrothermal thresholds for seed germination in winter annual forbs from old‐field Mediterranean landscapes

Hydrothermal thresholds for seed germination in winter annual forbs from old‐field Mediterranean landscapes

Effect of environmental factors on seed germination and seedling emergence of invasive Ceratocarpus arenarius

Development of seed coat‐imposed dormancy during seed maturation in Cynoglossum officinale

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