Germination of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Seeds and Desiccated Somatic Embryos

Lai, Fang-Ming; Lecouteux, Claude G.; McKersie, Bryan D.

doi:10.1016/s0176-1617(11)81779-7

Cited by 20 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…2G, arrows). In contrast, root emergence without plumule emergence is common in alfalfa (Lai et al 1995). High sucrose (9%) treatment strongly stimulated the resistance of embryos to dehydration: 67% of the dehydrated embryos that had matured under conditions of 9% sucrose germinated and were converted into plantlets (Figs.…”

Section: Desiccation Of Somatic Embryosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dormancy induction of somatic embryos of Siberian ginseng by high sucrose concentrations enhances the conservation of hydrated artificial seeds and dehydration resistance

Choi

Jeong

2002

Plant Cell Rep

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Abstracts In most plants, somatic embryos tend to germinate prematurely, a process that is detrimental to controlled plant production and the conservation of artificial seeds. We investigated the dormancy characteristics of Siberian ginseng somatic embryos induced simply by a high sucrose treatment, a treatment that enables the long-term conservation of artificial seeds following encapsulation and provides embryos with an enhanced resistance to dehydration. Early-cotyledonary stage somatic embryos were mass-produced by means of bioreactor culture. These embryos were then plated on medium supplemented with various levels of sucrose (1%, 3%, 6% or 9%) and allowed to mature. Subsequent germination of these embryos following the maturation period depended significantly on the sucrose level. At concentrations of 9% sucrose, none of the somatic embryos germinated after maturation, and none were recovered after being transferred to half-strength MS medium containing 2% sucrose. Gibberellic acid treatment was necessary to induce germination; other growth regulators such as auxins and cytokinins did not induce a response. Endogenous abscisic acid content in somatic embryos matured at 9% sucrose (487.8 ng/g FW) was approximately double that found in those matured at 3% sucrose (258.4 ng/g FW). This indicates induced dormancy in embryos under high osmotic stress. Alginate encapsulation of embryos facilitated the artificial induction of dormancy to extend the conservation period without germination. The induction of dormancy strengthened resistance to dehydration after the embryos were desiccated to 15% of their normal water content. Reduced chances of embryo survival during long-term desiccation were distinctly delayed in dormant embryos. These results indicate that the induction of dormancy in embryos is a promising application for synthetic seed production.

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Section: Desiccation Of Somatic Embryosmentioning

confidence: 99%

Dormancy induction of somatic embryos of Siberian ginseng by high sucrose concentrations enhances the conservation of hydrated artificial seeds and dehydration resistance

Choi

Jeong

2002

Plant Cell Rep

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“…A similar peak in fructose and glucose was reported in the same germination phase of Medicago sativa, along with that of amino acids, such as proline, known to be part of the osmoregulators. 49,50 For fresh seeds, this third time period was characterized by a drastic decrease in the longest relaxation times, T 1z and T 2d , as well as their proportions P 1z and P 2d , with a concomitant increase in the proportions of P 1y , P 2c , and P 2b of the intermediate relaxation time components T 1y , T 2c , and T 2b ( Figure 3A,B). These changes occurred while modifications of the cell wall polysaccharide chemistry related to cellulose-rich primary wall synthesis were observed along with an increase in embryonic axis size in the seed.…”

Section: ■ Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Water Mobility and Microstructure Evolution in the Germinating Medicago truncatula Seed Studied by NMR Relaxometry. A Revisited Interpretation of Multicomponent Relaxation

Lahaye

Falourd

Limami

et al. 2015

J. Agric. Food Chem.

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The water status of Medicago truncatula Gaertn. seed was followed by low-field NMR relaxometry during germination with and without oryzalin or fusicoccin used as growth modulators. T1 and T2 relaxation times and proportions P1 and P2 were determined on fresh, frozen, and freeze-thawed samples to characterize changes in water dynamics and compartmentation and in the nonfreezing water fraction. The results demonstrate that low-field NMR relaxometry allowed differentiating germination phases and events occurring during them as well as perturbations related to the presence of growth modulators. The results provide clear evidence that the classical multicomponent relaxation interpretation cannot directly relate T2 components and morphological compartments in biological tissue.

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“…Los cortes histológicos no evidenciaron la presencia de un meristemo apical de brote. Lai et al (1995) reportaron que aun cuando los embriones somáticos acumulan altos niveles de nutrientes, su vigor para germinar es mucho menor que el de las semillas comunes. Este hecho frecuentemente se atribuye a que los embriones somáticos pueden tener un limitado nivel de reacciones anabólicas que puede ocasionar una lenta elongación de radícula e hipocotilo, y a que el meristemo del brote en los embriones somáticos puede desarrollarse anormalmente durante la maduración, como también fue observado por Balbão et al (2001), quienes cultivaron meristemos apicales de plántulas de Musa spp.…”

Section: Inducción De Proembriones Somáticos (Pes) Y Análisis Histolóunclassified

INDUCCIÓN DE PROEMBRIONES SOMÁTICOS EN AVE DEL PARAÍSO (Strelitzia reginae Banks)

Fernández¹,

Escutia²,

Mancera³

2008

RevFitotecMex

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El ave del paraíso (Strelitzia reginae Banks) es una planta ornamental que por su belleza es altamente cotizada como flor de corte. Se propaga por semilla y por división de matas, aunque ambos métodos son muy lentos. La multiplicación de plantas in vitro vía embriogénesis somática, ha sido exitosamente establecida en muchas especies ornamentales. Para S. reginae no existen reportes de su propagación mediante dicho proceso ya que presenta serios problemas de oscurecimiento de los explantes cultivados. En este trabajo se estableció un procedimiento para la inducción de proembriones somáticos (PES) a partir de fragmentos (explantes) del nudo cotiledonar de plántulas de 30 d de edad. A los cinco meses de incubación, los explantes cultivados en oscuridad produjeron PES en el medio Murashige y Skoog a 100 % y 50 % de su concentración, suplementado con 2,4-D (0.5 a 2.0 mg L-1), sacarosa (30 g L-1) y carbón activado (0.1 g L-1). Los PES crecieron y formaron estructuras de 5 a 6 mm de longitud, cuyo extremo distal presentó una organización celular comparable a la de un meristemo de raíz pero sin centro quiescente. Los cortes histológicos no evidenciaron la presencia de un meristemo apical de brote, lo cual pudo haber causado que los proembriones in vitro no completaran su desarrollo.

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Germination of Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) Seeds and Desiccated Somatic Embryos

Cited by 20 publications

References 20 publications

Dormancy induction of somatic embryos of Siberian ginseng by high sucrose concentrations enhances the conservation of hydrated artificial seeds and dehydration resistance

Dormancy induction of somatic embryos of Siberian ginseng by high sucrose concentrations enhances the conservation of hydrated artificial seeds and dehydration resistance

Water Mobility and Microstructure Evolution in the Germinating Medicago truncatula Seed Studied by NMR Relaxometry. A Revisited Interpretation of Multicomponent Relaxation

INDUCCIÓN DE PROEMBRIONES SOMÁTICOS EN AVE DEL PARAÍSO (Strelitzia reginae Banks)

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