Germination, Growth, and Ecology of Sicklepod

Creel, J. M.; Hoveland, C. S.; Buchanan, G. A.

doi:10.1017/s0043174500047494

Cited by 62 publications

(85 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(2 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Previous studies also have shown that scarification markedly increased germination of seeds of S. marilandica (Mitchell, 1926) and of S. obtusifolia (Creel et al, 1968;Singh, 1968;Teem et al, 1980). Additionally, scarified seeds of S. marilandica and S. obtusifolia germinated equally well in light and darkness (Table 2).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

A comparative study of seed dormancy and germination in an annual and a perennial species of Senna (Fabaceae)

1998

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

1998). A comparative study of seed dormancy and germination in an annual and a perennial species AbstractSeed dormancy and germination of Senna marilandica and S. obtusifolia were compared in greenhouse and laboratory studies. About 90% of the S. obtusifolia seeds were green and had hard seed coat dormancy, whereas the other 10% were brown and nondormant. Seed-colour morphs did not occur in S. marilandica, and nearly 100% of the seeds had hard seed coat dormancy. Seeds of S. obtusifolia were significantly heavier than those of S. marilandica. Mechanical scarification was very effective in overcoming dormancy in seeds of both species. However, concentrated sulfuric acid, absolute ethanol and boiling water were less effective in breaking dormancy in seeds of S. marilandica than in those of S. obtusifolia. Further, incubating seeds at 30/15 to 40/25°C and dry-heat treatments at 80-100°C were ineffective in breaking dormancy in S. marilandica, but significantly increased germination percentages in S. obtusifolia. In neither species were simulated daily/seasonal temperature shifts effective in breaking dormancy. Scarified seeds of both species germinated over a wide range of temperatures in both light and darkness. Under near-natural temperature conditions, seeds of S. marilandica germinated in spring only, whereas those of S. obtusifolia emerged in late spring and throughout summer. Both species can form a long-lived seed bank. Dormancy break by high field temperatures in seeds of S. obtusifolia allows this species to germinate throughout the warm growing season and thus contributes to its success as a weed in arable crops.

show abstract

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 51%

A comparative study of seed dormancy and germination in an annual and a perennial species of Senna (Fabaceae)

1998

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…The minimum (DV0) and maximum (DV3) threshold temperatures for S. obtusifolia germination were interpreted initially from germination growth experiments detailed in Creel et al. (1968), Teem et al.…”

Section: The Current Distribution Of S Obtusifoliamentioning

confidence: 99%

The potential geographic distribution of the invasive weed Senna obtusifolia in Australia

Dunlop

Wilson

Mackey³

2006

Weed Research

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Summary Senna obtusifolia (sicklepod) is an invasive weed of northern Australia, where it significantly impacts agricultural productivity and alters natural ecosystem structure and function. Although currently restricted to northern regions, the potential for S. obtusifolia to spread south is not known. Using the eco‐climatic model CLIMEX, this study simulated the potential geographic distribution of S. obtusifolia in Australia under two scenarios. Model parameters for both scenarios were derived from the distribution of S. obtusifolia throughout North and Central America. The first scenario used these base model parameters to predict the distribution of S. obtusifolia in Australia, whilst the second model predicted the distribution of a cold susceptible S. obtusifolia ecotype that is reported to occur in the USA. Both models predicted the potential for an extensive S. obtusifolia distribution, with the first model indicating suitable climatic conditions occurring predominantly in coastal regions from the Northern Territory, to far north Queensland and into northern Victoria. The cold susceptible ecotype displayed a comparatively reduced distribution in the southern parts of Australia, where inappropriate temperatures, a lack of thermal accumulation and cold stress restrict the invasion south to the coastal regions of central New South Wales. The extent of the predicted distribution of both ecotypes of S. obtusifolia reinforces the need for strategic management at a national scale.

show abstract

“…Webster (2001) also identified sicklepod as one of the 10 most 1 Received for publication September 24, 2003, and troublesome weeds of various broadleaf crops in Alabama, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, and Virginia. Sicklepod has many characteristics that enable it to thrive in a variety of environments. The weediness of sicklepod can be attributed to its potential to produce many seed (Bozsa et al 1989;Bridges and Walker 1985;Creel et al 1968), seed dormancy and survival (Barrapour and Oliver 1998;Creel et al 1968), hard and waxy seed coat (Creel et al 1968;Egley and Chandler 1978), and inconsistent control with herbicides (Isaacs et al 1989). A sicklepod plant can produce between 750 and 1,000 flowers (Senseman and Oliver 1993) and between 8,000 and 14,000 seed (Bozsa et al 1989;Creel et al 1968).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Glyphosate Application Timing and Rate on Sicklepod (Senna obtusifolia) Fecundity¹

Thomas¹,

Pline-Srnić²,

Viator³

et al. 2005

Weed Technology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Greenhouse experiments were conducted to examine the effect of glyphosate on reproductive development in sicklepod. Glyphosate was applied postemergence over the top at 112 and 280 g ai/ha to sicklepod at 4-leaf stage (L), 8-L, 4-L followed by 8-L, and 12-L. A nontreated control was included. Immediately after the 12-L application, number of flowers was recorded for all treatments twice per week for 8 wk. Pollen viability was measured on 1 open flower/plant/sampling time using Alexander stain. The number of pods, pod length, seeds per plant, 50-seed weight, total seed weight, seed germination, seed viability, and dry weight of aboveground biomass were also recorded. No significant differences among the treatments were found for average pod length, 50-seed weight, seed germination, seed viability, and aboveground biomass. The nontreated had 18 flowers counted over 8 wk. Glyphosate applied at 12-L and sequentially at 4-L and 8-L, averaged over glyphosate rates, reduced cumulative flower production after 8 wk by 65 and 54%, respectively, compared with the nontreated. Similarly, glyphosate at 280 g/ha, averaged over treatment timings, reduced flower production by 58% compared with the nontreated. Because the number of flowers produced was limited by glyphosate treatment due to flower abscission, pollen viability measurements could not be analyzed because of large numbers of missing data points. The number of pods, seeds, and total seed weight were reduced by 79, 80, and 81%, respectively, with 280 g/ha of glyphosate compared with the nontreated.

show abstract

Germination, Growth, and Ecology of Sicklepod

Cited by 62 publications

References 6 publications

A comparative study of seed dormancy and germination in an annual and a perennial species of Senna (Fabaceae)

A comparative study of seed dormancy and germination in an annual and a perennial species of Senna (Fabaceae)

The potential geographic distribution of the invasive weed Senna obtusifolia in Australia

Effects of Glyphosate Application Timing and Rate on Sicklepod (Senna obtusifolia) Fecundity¹

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Germination, Growth, and Ecology of Sicklepod

Cited by 62 publications

References 6 publications

A comparative study of seed dormancy and germination in an annual and a perennial species of Senna (Fabaceae)

A comparative study of seed dormancy and germination in an annual and a perennial species of Senna (Fabaceae)

The potential geographic distribution of the invasive weed Senna obtusifolia in Australia

Effects of Glyphosate Application Timing and Rate on Sicklepod (Senna obtusifolia) Fecundity1

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Effects of Glyphosate Application Timing and Rate on Sicklepod (Senna obtusifolia) Fecundity¹