Germination Ecology of Seeds in the Persistent Seed Bank

Baskin, Carol C.; Baskin, Jerry M.

doi:10.1016/b978-012080260-9/50007-5

Cited by 15 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 535 publications

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“…). The effects of severe drought on annual plant communities, however, are less clear because many annual plants produce seeds with multiyear dormancy, leading to the formation of substantial and potentially long‐lasting seed banks (Baskin and Baskin ). Previous research on drought impacts on annual communities has focused almost exclusively on aboveground life stages of plants and not directly measured abundances in seed banks.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Seed banks of native forbs, but not exotic grasses, increase during extreme drought

LaForgia

Spasojevic

Case

et al. 2018

Ecology

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Extreme droughts such as the one that affected California in 2012-2015 have been linked to severe ecological consequences in perennial-dominated communities such as forests. In annual communities, drought impacts are difficult to assess because many species persist through facultative multiyear seed dormancy, which leads to the development of seed banks. Impacts of extreme drought on the abundance and composition of the seed banks of whole communities are little known. In 80 heterogeneous grassland plots where cover is dominated by ~15 species of exotic annual grasses and diversity is dominated by ~70 species of native annual forbs, we grew out seeds from soil cores collected early in the California drought (2012) and later in the multiyear drought (2014), and analyzed drought-associated changes in the seed bank. Over the course of the study we identified more than 22,000 seedlings to species. We found that seeds of exotic annual grasses declined sharply in abundance during the drought while seeds of native annual forbs increased, a pattern that resembled but was even stronger than the changes in aboveground cover of these groups. Consistent with the expectation that low specific leaf area (SLA) is an indicator of drought tolerance, we found that the community-weighted mean SLA of annual forbs declined both in the seed bank and in the aboveground community, as low-SLA forbs increased disproportionately. In this system, seed dormancy reinforces the indirect benefits of extreme drought to the native forb community.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Seed banks spread germination out over time to reduce the likelihood of large population declines during unfavorable periods (Baskin and Baskin ). This strategy is particularly beneficial in variable environments where lower climatic predictability leads to higher variability in mean growth rates (Ellner ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Seed banks of native forbs, but not exotic grasses, increase during extreme drought

LaForgia

Spasojevic

Case

et al. 2018

Ecology

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“…In particular, the number of dark seeds was approximately twice as high as the number of light seeds. This result suggests that mainly dark seeds formed a persistent seed bank similar to that described as type IV by Thompson and Grime (1979) (see also Baskin and Baskin, 2000) (a small proportion of seeds germinates soon after dispersal, but a large reserve of viable seeds remains non-germinated).…”

Section: Seed Bank Propertiesmentioning

confidence: 64%

Studies on the soil seed bank of the environmental weed Rumex vesicarius (Fam.: Polygonaceae) at a rehabilitated mine site in semi-arid Western Australia

Schatral

Short

Osborne

et al. 2008

Journal of Arid Environments

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“…). This intraindividual variation is called heteromorphism, which is dependent on the environment conditions at the time of development and maturation of the seed as well as the seed position on the parent plant (Baskin & Baskin ; Venable & Levin ; Venable et al . , ; Song et al .…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, some species produce different types (or morphs) of seeds or fruits within a single individual (Wang et al 2015). This intraindividual variation is called heteromorphism, which is dependent on the environment conditions at the time of development and maturation of the seed as well as the seed position on the parent plant (Baskin & Baskin 1998;Venable & Levin 1985;Venable et al 1987Venable et al , 1995Song et al 2016). Heteromorphism is commonly found in Asteraceae, Chenopodiaceae and Poaceae (Harper 1977;Imbert et al 1997, Wei et al 2007).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Variations in the germination characteristics in response to environmental factors between the hairy and spiny seeds of hedge parsley (Torilis arvensis Huds.)

Payamani

Nosratti

Amerian

2018

Weed Biology and Management

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Torilis arvensis Huds. produces two types of mericarps, spiny and hairy (referred to as seeds hereafter), but little information is available on their germination behavior. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to determine the different germination characteristics of hairy and spiny seeds in T. arvensis in response to environmental factors. Both seed types were dormant at harvesting, but the spiny type had a deeper dormancy level and required a more prolonged after‐ripping period. In general, T. arvensis seed germination and seedling emergence responses to examined factors were similar between the two seed types. The highest germination percentage was observed in pH 7. Germination was the highest at a temperature of 20°C. Light did not affect seed germination. T. arvensis was sensitive to osmotic stress induced by NaCl or PEG6000. No seedlings emerged when the seeds were buried at soil depth of 6 cm and deeper soil depths. The results indicate that T. arvensis has the potential to spread into more areas devoted to Apiaceae crops in Iran. Tillage would be beneficial to its effective control in these crops.

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Germination Ecology of Seeds in the Persistent Seed Bank

Cited by 15 publications

References 535 publications

Seed banks of native forbs, but not exotic grasses, increase during extreme drought

Seed banks of native forbs, but not exotic grasses, increase during extreme drought

Studies on the soil seed bank of the environmental weed Rumex vesicarius (Fam.: Polygonaceae) at a rehabilitated mine site in semi-arid Western Australia

Variations in the germination characteristics in response to environmental factors between the hairy and spiny seeds of hedge parsley (Torilis arvensis Huds.)

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