Germination characters and early seedling growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes under salt stress conditions

Alom, Rabiul; Hasan, Mehedi; Islam, M. R.; Wang, Qingfeng

doi:10.1007/s12892-016-0052-1

Cited by 30 publications

(22 citation statements)

References 25 publications

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“…These results agree with previous observations, which showed that osmotic stress and salinity in the immediate environment of germinating durum wheat seeds can delay or inhibit the germination process [ 41 , 42 ] and reduce the early seedling growth [ 43 , 44 , 45 ]. The use of a mannitol solution iso-osmotic to the NaCl solution allows to evaluate the relative contribution of the two components of the salt stress, namely the osmotic stress and the ion toxicity.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

The Molecular and Functional Characterization of the Durum Wheat Lipoxygenase TdLOX2 Suggests Its Role in Hyperosmotic Stress Response

Menga

Trono

2020

Plants

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In plants, lipoxygenases (LOXs) are involved in various processes, such as growth, development, and response to stress cues. In the present study, the expression pattern of six durum wheat LOX-encoding genes (TdLpx-B1.1, TdLpx-B1.2, TdLpx-A2, TdLpx-B2, TdLpx-A3 and TdLpx-B3) under hyperosmotic stress was investigated. With osmotic (0.42 M mannitol) and salt (0.21 M NaCl) stress imposed at the early stages of seedling growth, a strong induction of the TdLpx-A2 gene expression in the shoots paralleled an equally strong increase in the LOX activity. Enhanced levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and increased rates of superoxide anion generation were also observed as a result of the stress imposition. Sequence analysis of the TdLOX2 encoded by the TdLpx-A2 gene revealed that it belonged to the type-1 9-LOX group. When overexpressed in E. coli, TdLOX2 exhibited normal enzyme activity, high sensitivity to specific LOX inhibitors, with 76% and 99% inhibition by salicylhydroxamic and propyl gallate, respectively, and a preference for linoleic acid as substrate, which was converted exclusively to its corresponding 13-hydroperoxide. This unexpected positional specificity could be related to the unusual TV/K motif that in TdLOX2 replaces the canonical TV/R motif of 9-LOXs. Treatment of seedlings with propyl gallate strongly suppressed the increase in LOX activity induced by the hyperosmotic stress; the MDA accumulation was also reduced but less markedly, whereas the rate of superoxide anion generation was even more increased. Overall, our findings suggest that the up-regulation of the TdLpx-A2 gene is a component of the durum wheat response to hyperosmotic stress and that TdLOX2 may act by counteracting the excessive generation of harmful reactive oxygen species responsible for the oxidative damages that occur in plants under stress.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 93%

The Molecular and Functional Characterization of the Durum Wheat Lipoxygenase TdLOX2 Suggests Its Role in Hyperosmotic Stress Response

Menga

Trono

2020

Plants

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“…Genetic variation in total seminal axile root length (TSARL) and total root length (TRL) was observed between cultivars under control and salt conditions (Table 2), as has been reported previously for barley (Bengough et al, 2004) and wheat (Richards et al, 2007; Rahnama et al, 2011a; Wasson et al, 2014; Alom et al, 2016). A wide range of genetic variability for many agronomic and morphological traits is useful in plant breeding programs.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 78%

Root Growth and Architecture Responses of Bread Wheat Cultivars to Salinity Stress

2019

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The screening of genotypes that perform better in saline soils is important for food security as the arable land affected by this problem is increasing. To mimic the conditions found in saline fields, a saline soil‐based screening method was developed to distinguish genetic diversity in root growth responses and shoot growth rates of bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars, namely Roshan, Bam, Tabbasi, Mahooti, Shiraz, Qods, Falat, and Atrak. Soil‐filled polyvinyl chloride (PVC) tubes perfused with 50 to 200 mM NaCl and a standard nutrient solution was employed. A constant salt concentration was maintained throughout the soil profile in the PVC tubes. Genetic variation in root growth and leaf Na+ concentrations was observed between cultivars in response to salinity. Salinity decreased the relative growth rate, seminal and total root length, and the distance between root tip and the first lateral root but increased total branch roots. For most traits, the growth reductions due to salinity were higher in salt‐sensitive compared with salt‐tolerant cultivars. The seminal root length was reduced more than branch root length in all cultivars. Roshan and Tabbasi were identified as the most tolerant to salinity due to their longer seminal axile roots, shorter distance from the tip, higher distal branch root numbers, and higher branch root length compared to the other cultivars. A positive relationship between genetic variations in root growth response and relative growth rate indicates that root growth might be the key factor driving shoot growth and can be used as a criterion for screening salinity tolerance. Core Ideas Genetic variation was found in root growth traits and shoot growth rate in response to soil salinity. Salinity reduced shoot growth rate, seminal and total root length, but increased branch root length. A positive relationship was found between root growth response and shoot growth rate.

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“…However, high soil salinity can inhibit developmental process in soybean plants throughout their life cycles, from germination and TABLE 1 Estimates of the global distribution of land impacted by soil salinity provided by vegetative growth to nodule formation and seed production (Phang, Shao, & Lam, 2008). Several other major crops also show reduced performance on saline soils including rice (Oryza sativa), which is sensitive from vegetative to reproductive stages (Ghosh, Ali, & Saikat, 2016;Hariadi, Nurhayati, Soeparjono, & Arif, 2015), and wheat (Triticum aestivum; Alom, Hasan, Islam, & Wang, 2016;Sharma, 2015). Salinity also has an adverse effect on shoot biomass, pod set, and pod filling in chickpea (Cicer arietinum), causing reduced yields (Atieno et al, 2017;Flowers et al, 2010).…”

Section: The Impacts Of Soil Salinity On Crop Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Salt stress tolerance mechanisms and potential applications of legumes for sustainable reclamation of salt‐degraded soils

et al. 2018

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Soil salinity is considered one of the most detrimental environmental problems affecting the productivity of many agricultural crops, with negative effects on seed germination, plant vigour, and crop yields. To mitigate these negative effects, it is necessary to restrategize and identify viable options that are environmentally and economically applicable for sustainable agriculture. This review summarizes and evaluates soil reclamation strategies that have been employed and those that could potentially be used, concentrating on the use of legume crops. Apart from the fact that legumes have many nutritional benefits as foods, they are also an attractive option to refertilize degraded and nitrogen‐deficient soils. Thus, the potential use of grain, grass, shrubby, and tree legumes to restore degraded soils requires evaluation. In this paper, we discuss and evaluate why legumes should be considered and used for the reclamation of degraded soils, with a particular focus on salt‐degraded soils. Globally relevant case‐studies that demonstrate how legumes could be used to reclaim salt‐degraded soils are highlighted.

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Germination characters and early seedling growth of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes under salt stress conditions

Cited by 30 publications

References 25 publications

The Molecular and Functional Characterization of the Durum Wheat Lipoxygenase TdLOX2 Suggests Its Role in Hyperosmotic Stress Response

The Molecular and Functional Characterization of the Durum Wheat Lipoxygenase TdLOX2 Suggests Its Role in Hyperosmotic Stress Response

Root Growth and Architecture Responses of Bread Wheat Cultivars to Salinity Stress

Salt stress tolerance mechanisms and potential applications of legumes for sustainable reclamation of salt‐degraded soils

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