Germination and seedling growth of Brassica juncea and Medicago sativa under exposure to microcystinscontaminated water from Dau Tieng reservoir

Abstract

Occurrence of toxic cyanobacteria and their toxins has been a root of many consequently serious problems to aquatic plants, animals, and human in the world. However, the toxicity of cyanobacterial toxins from Vietnam waters to the germination and growth of plants has not studied yet. In this study, we investigated the effects of microcystins (MC) (at the concentrations of 20 and 200 µg MC L-1) from field water and crude extract of cyanobacterial scum (mainly Microcystis spp.) from the Dau Tieng Reservoir, on the germination and seedling of Brassica juncea and Medicago sativa during 7 days. The results showed that MC inhibited the germination of the exposed seeds from 10 -35% compared to the control. The fresh weight of exposed B. juncea and M. sativa compared to the control was from 44 -89% and from 55 -90%, respectively. Root length of the plants reduced from 12 -73% for B. juncea and from 17 -54% for M. sativa during toxin exposures. Similarly, the decrease of the shoot length, compared to the control, was from 20 -80% for B. juncea and 13 -52% for M. sativa. Therefore, the use of water contaminated with MC for irrigation may negatively influence on the quality and yield of agricultural crops. It could be inferred that there should be an uptake of MC by the exposed seeds and th toxin might be transferred to the next consumers via the food chain.

Comparison of sensitivity of three legume species exposed to crude extracts of toxic and non-toxic cyanobacteria

“…Previous studies have shown that crude extracts of the cyanobacteria with MC and without MC caused different effects on seed germination and initial development of the salad green seedlings, and lettuce being more sensitive to both extracts when compared to arugula [9]. In addition Dao et al (2014) [10] shown that the germination and seeding growth of some vegetables were damaged under exposure to microcystins contaminated water from the Dau Tieng reservoir. Agricultural plants showed differently response to cyanobacteria producing microcystins.…”