Germination and growth management of some common annual weeds by phytotoxicity of selected vegetable crops

Qasem, J. R.; Issa, N.

doi:10.1016/j.scienta.2017.12.023

Cited by 8 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 46 publications

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“…Inhibition of the root and stem lengths may be related to modifications of essential processes such as cell division, phytohormones signaling, membrane permeability, enzymatic activity, hydric stress, and changes in DNA synthesis, among others . Moreover, primary roots remain in direct contact with the crude methanolic extract or fractions, which can damage this organ more easily than primary stems …”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[30 -32] Moreover, primary roots remain in direct contact with the crude methanolic extract or fractions, which can damage this organ more easily than primary stems. [23] The phytochemical study of HEXF, DCMF, and EAF fractions obtained from aerial parts of ruzigrass yielded eight compounds, and the structures of the compounds were established by comparison of their spectroscopic 1D and 2D NMR data with those reported in the literature. The HEXF fraction afforded three triterpenes, friedelin (1), [33] oleanolic acid (2) [34] and α-amyrin (3), [35] and one steroidal sapogenin, 1dehydrodiosgenone (4).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This is not uncommon, because many factors can contribute to the effectiveness of an active compound on a receptor plant. These factors may be related to the physicochemical properties of chemical constituents of extracts, and the differences in the anatomical, physiological and biochemical characteristics of each species . As well, there are reports that discuss the susceptibility of weed species to plant extracts and their relation to seed size .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Chemical Characterization and Phytotoxic Effects of the Aerial Parts of Ruzigrass (Urochloa ruziziensis)

Moreno

Mantovanelli

Ricardo

et al. 2020

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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Studies of the phytotoxic effects between plants can be a crucial tool in the discovery of innovative compounds with herbicide potential. In this sense, we can highlight ruzigrass (Urochloa ruziziensis), which is traditionally used in the crop rotation system in order to reduce weed emergence. The aim of this work was to characterize the secondary metabolites of ruzigrass and to evaluate its phytotoxic effects. In total, eight compounds were isolated: friedelin, oleanolic acid, α‐amyrin, 1‐dehydrodiosgenone, sitosterol and stigmasterol glycosides, tricin and p‐coumaric acid. Phytotoxic effects of the crude methanolic extract and fractions of ruzigrass were assessed using germination rate, initial seedling growth, and biomass of Bidens pilosa, Euphorbia heterophylla and Ipomoea grandifolia. Chemometric analysis discriminated the weed species into three groups, and B. pilosa was the most affected by fractions of ruzigrass. The phytotoxic activities of 1‐dehydrodiosgenone, tricin, and p‐coumaric acid are also reported, and p‐coumaric acid and 1‐dehydrodiosgenone were active against B. pilosa.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Chemical Characterization and Phytotoxic Effects of the Aerial Parts of Ruzigrass (Urochloa ruziziensis)

Moreno

Mantovanelli

Ricardo

et al. 2020

Chemistry & Biodiversity

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“…The most common allelochemicals in plant extracts include organic acids, phenols, and terpenoids. Organic acids, especially phenolic acids, are the most important allelochemicals (Qasem & Issa, 2018;Zavallonia et al, 2011;Wu et al, 2008). Many studies have shown that low concentrations of phenolic acids can promote crop growth, whereas high concentrations will inhibit it (Liu et al, 2016).…”

Section: Correlation Analysis Of Allelopathic Indicators Between Wheamentioning

confidence: 99%

Allelopathic effects of different weed extracts on seed germination and seedling growth of wheat

Shao¹,

Li²,

SuHui³

et al. 2019

PAK.J.BOT.

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The present study identified wheat varieties with strong grass resistance, clarified the physiological mechanism of their anti-grassing effect, and provided a scientific basis for the application of grass-resistant wheat varieties for producing high and stable yield of wheat. Ten wheat varieties commonly used in production were selected to study the effects of Descurainia sophia, Galium tricorne, Wild oat, and sativa extracts on seed germination and seedling growth. Results showed that the Descurainia sophia, Galium tricorne, Wild oat, and Vicia sativa extracts exhibited allelopathic inhibition on wheat seed germination and seedling growth. The allelopathic indices of wheat seed germination rate, seedling height, and root length were −0.12 to −0.19, −0.70 to −0.87, and −0.70 to −0.91, respectively. The weed extract had certain differences in allelopathic inhibition on wheat. The Wild oat extract had the strongest inhibitory effect on seed germination, whereas the Descurainia sophia extract showed the weakest inhibitory effect. The Vicia sativa extract had the strongest inhibitory effect on seedling growth, whereas the Galium tricorne extract showed the weakest inhibitory effect. According to the absolute value of allelopathic index, the effects of the four kinds of weed extracts on seedling growth index were systematically clustered. Results showed that the allelopathic inhibition rate of weed extracts on Wanmai 19 was weak, and the weed resistance was strong. The weed extracts had an allelopathic effect on the root activity and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), and catalase (CAT) in the leaves and could promote the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in the leaves. However, they had minimal allelopathic effect on Wanmai 19. The seedling height and root length of wheat seedlings were significantly correlated with root activity, activities of SOD, POD, and CAT in the leaves and MDA content. Thus, the effect of allelochemicals on the cell membrane in weed extracts could be the cause of inhibited wheat growth.

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“…A small proportion will remain in the rhizosphere of the future host plant where they will germinate, stimulated by the root exudates of the host plant. Some of them will settle and infest the host plant; the others will be killed by plant-derived allelochemicals (Cimmino et al 2018;Qasem and Issa 2018). Seeds outside the rhizosphere are dormant, and most of them will survive for several years in the soil and contribute to what is called the weed seed bank (Haring and Flessner 2018;Pointurier et al 2019).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Main drivers of broomrape regulation. A review

Cartry

Steinberg

Gibot‐Leclerc

2021

Agron. Sustain. Dev.

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Orobanchaceae-broomrapes-are a family of parasitic plants that represent an ecological and agronomic challenge because some of them cause significant damage to many monocots or dicots. Weedy broomrapes infest different crops in the Mediterranean basin, leading to substantial yield losses. Besides, they quickly adapt to new host plants, so that new crops are more and more under threat. Control methods are lacking because as plant parasites they cannot be considered as a common weed in agriculture. It is therefore important to characterize the main drivers of their regulation to identify sustainable management strategies.We reviewed all the possible interactions of Orobanchaceae species with surrounding organisms in an agricultural landscape, with a focus on the Orobanche and Phelipanche genera. Our main findings are that (1) broomrapes successfully co-evolve with their host through tight interactions ranging from the molecular to the tissue level, resulting in a unique strategy in their interactions with their host; (2) broomrapes have to face natural regulatory mechanisms such as host plant defenses, allelopathic interferences, and pest attacks from both the rhizosphere and phyllosphere; (3) alternative methods combining these natural mechanisms with existing conventional methods should be used to control broomrape. Conventional methods have shown limited results with parasitic weeds. By considering their life cycle and biotic and abiotic environment, management methods will target their weak point(s). Combining different control methods needs to be considered in an integrated weed management system. Furthermore, future studies on biocontrol will bring out new products to be used in addition to cultural techniques. Modeling approaches would help predict the evolution of broomrape-infested plots and the available potential management strategies.

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Germination and growth management of some common annual weeds by phytotoxicity of selected vegetable crops

Cited by 8 publications

References 46 publications

Chemical Characterization and Phytotoxic Effects of the Aerial Parts of Ruzigrass (Urochloa ruziziensis)

Chemical Characterization and Phytotoxic Effects of the Aerial Parts of Ruzigrass (Urochloa ruziziensis)

Allelopathic effects of different weed extracts on seed germination and seedling growth of wheat

Main drivers of broomrape regulation. A review

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