Germination and early seedling development of Helichrysum microphyllum Cambess. subsp. tyrrhenicum Bacch., Brullo & Giusso in the presence of arsenates and arsenites

Helichrysum microphyllum subsp. tyrrhenicum, Its Root-Associated Microorganisms, and Wood Chips Represent an Integrated Green Technology for the Remediation of Petroleum Hydrocarbon-Contaminated Soils

“…The results obtained in this study at the greenhouse scale could set the foundation for further tests of the technology under field conditions. Based on our previous studies demonstrating that H. tyrrhenicum tolerates high metal(loid) concentrations, behaving as a species suitable for phytostabilization [17][18][19][20]39,40], future studies will be aimed at evaluating the integrated green technology based on H. tyrrhenicum, plant-associated microorganisms and wood chips for the phytomanagement of highly anthropized areas impacted by multiple contamination from metals and PHCs.…”

“…bicolor (Sm.) Greuter on metal(loid) contaminations [15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28][29][30][31]. For the reasons mentioned above, Helichrysum microphyllum subsp.…”

“…Helichrysum tyrrhenicum is a Cyrno-Sardinian endemic species [35] well adapted to the Mediterranean climatic conditions. It spontaneously grows on different substrates, especially sandy and muddy soils, as well as abandoned mine sites, where it tolerates highly harsh conditions, such as aridity, high metal(loid) levels (in particular Zn, Pb, Cd and As) and low nutrient contents [17][18][19][20][36][37][38][39][40]. Moreover, the anticandidal activity of its essential oils has been demonstrated [34].…”

Using Mediterranean Native Plants for the Phytoremediation of Mining Sites: An Overview of the Past and Present, and Perspectives for the Future

“…subsp. tyrrhenicum Bacch., Brullo & Giusso [17,[109][110][111]. A similar approach was applied in the Iberian region for E. andevalensis [84][85][86][87][88][112][113][114][115].…”

“…tyrrhenicum is a good candidate for the phytostabilisation of the Cyrno-Sardinian mine areas (see Table A1 for BAC, BCF, and TF values [17,109,110,163,164]). Moreover, this taxon is the topic of a multidisciplinary case study, as it was subjected to germination tests to assess the ecophysiology of seed germination under different Zn, Pb, and As concentrations, and to a mineralogical investigation of the soil plant system [109][110][111]. These studies showed that this taxon has (i) a good germination capability even when subjected to high concentrations of Zn, Pb, and As; (ii) a much higher toxicity of arsenite (As III) than arsenate (As V) in terms of seed germination, cotyledon emergence, and mortality of young seedlings; and (iii) the presence of a self-built exclusion mechanism that is expressed through the production of root/leaf biominerals and of Zn organic complexes which act as detoxing agents (i.e., Zn cysteine and Zn malate).…”