German<i>Ixodes inopinatus</i>samples may not actually represent this tick species

Rollins, Robert E.; Margos, Gabriele; Brachmann, Andreas; Krebs, Stefan; Mouchet, Alexia; Dingemanse, Niels Jeroen; Laatamna, AbdElkarim; Reghaissia, Nassiba; Fingerle, Volker; Metzler, Dirk; Becker, Noémie S.; Chiţimia-Dobler, Lidia

doi:10.1101/2023.02.14.528458

Cited by 3 publications

(2 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…Similarly to the study from Germany [ 54 ], our data put into question studies reporting I. inopinatus from Central Europe based on morphology and/or sequencing of 16S rDNA, and we suggest that these should be re-examined. Even when TROSPA and other nuclear genes were used, double peaks and signs of hybridization and introgression have not been reported previously.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Genetic analysis challenges the presence of Ixodes inopinatus in Central Europe: development of a multiplex PCR to distinguish I. inopinatus from I. ricinus

Hrazdilova,

Danek,

Hrbatova

et al. 2023

Parasites Vectors

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Background Ixodes ricinus is an important vector of several pathogens, primarily in Europe. Recently, Ixodes inopinatus was described from Spain, Portugal, and North Africa and then reported from several European countries. In this study, a multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was developed to distinguish I. ricinus from I. inopinatus and used in the surveillance of I. inopinatus in Algeria (ALG) and three regions in the Czech Republic (CZ). Methods A multiplex PCR on TROSPA and sequencing of several mitochondrial (16S rDNA, COI) and nuclear markers (TROSPA, ITS2, calreticulin) were used to differentiate these two species and for a subsequent phylogenetic analysis. Results Sequencing of TROSPA, COI, and ITS2 separated these two species into two subclades, while 16S rDNA and calreticulin could not distinguish I. ricinus from I. inopinatus. Interestingly, 23 nucleotide positions in the TROSPA gene had consistently double peaks in a subset of ticks from CZ. Cloning of these PCR products led to a clear separation of I. ricinus and I. inopinatus indicating hybridization and introgression between these two tick taxa. Based on a multiplex PCR of TROSPA and analysis of sequences of TROSPA, COI, and ITS2, the majority of ticks in CZ were I. ricinus, no I. inopinatus ticks were found, and 10 specimens showed signs of hybridization. In contrast, most ticks in ALG were I. inopinatus, four ticks were I. ricinus, and no signs of hybridization and introgression were detected. Conclusions We developed a multiplex PCR method based on the TROSPA gene to differentiate I. ricinus and I. inopinatus. We demonstrate the lack of evidence for the presence of I. inopinatus in Central Europe and propose that previous studies be re-examined. Mitochondrial markers are not suitable for distinguishing I. inopinatus from I. ricinus. Furthermore, our data indicate that I. inopinatus and I. ricinus can hybridize, and the hybrids can survive in Europe. Graphical abstract

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 52%

Genetic analysis challenges the presence of Ixodes inopinatus in Central Europe: development of a multiplex PCR to distinguish I. inopinatus from I. ricinus

Hrazdilova,

Danek,

Hrbatova

et al. 2023

Parasites Vectors

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“…Seit einigen Jahren scheint I. inopinatus auch in Süddeutschland und Österreich stabile Populationen zu bilden [12]. Aktuelle genetische Analysen zeigen, dass eine Differenzierung von I. inopinatus und I. ricinus herausfordernd ist und es auch zu einer Hybridisierung der beiden Arten kommen kann, sodass die Ausbreitung in Mitteleuropa nicht vollständig geklärt ist [13,14]. Auch das Vektorpotenzial von I. inopinatus ist noch nicht vollständig geklärt.…”

Section: Zeckenvektoren Und üBertragene Erkrankungenunclassified

Klimawandel und vektorübertragene Infektionen in EuropaTeil 2: Zeckenübertragene Infektionen

Jung,

Schönherr,

Lübbert

et al. 2024

Flugmedizin · Tropenmedizin · Reisemedizin - FTR

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ZUSAMMENFASSUNGDie zunehmenden Auswirkungen des Klimawandels und globaler Umweltveränderungen haben erhebliche Konsequenzen für das Infektionsrisiko von vektorübertragenen Erkrankungen. Dies wirkt sich insbesondere auch auf die temperaturabhängige Aktivität und das Vorkommen von Zecken in Europa aus. Veränderungen in den Verbreitungsgebieten der Vektoren, verbunden mit einem gesteigerten Übertragungsrisiko durch verhaltensbedingte Faktoren, führen zu einem Anstieg der durch Zecken übertragenen Erkrankungen, darunter Borreliose, Frühsommer-Meningoenzephalitis (FSME) und Tularämie. Insbesondere steigende Temperaturen und eine Zunahme der Luftfeuchtigkeit begünstigen die Vermehrung von Zecken. Vor diesem Hintergrund ist eine verstärkte Implementierung von Präventions- und Überwachungsmaßnahmen im Kontext zeckenübertragener Infektionskrankheiten von entscheidender Bedeutung.

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Atlas of ticks (Acari: Argasidae, Ixodidae) in Germany: 1st data update

Rubel

Zaenker²,

Weigand

et al. 2023

Exp Appl Acarol

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The first data update of the atlas of ticks in Germany published in 2021 is presented here. This atlas provides maps based on georeferenced tick locations of 21 species endemic in Germany as well as three tick species that are regularly imported to Germany. The data update includes the following numbers of newly georeferenced tick locations: 17 Argas reflexus, 79 Carios vespertilionis, 2 Dermacentor marginatus, 43 Dermacentor reticulatus, 4 Haemaphysalis concinna, 3 Haemaphysalis punctata, 3 Hyalomma rufipes, 3 Ixodes apronophorus, 9 Ixodes arboricola, 1 Ixodes ariadnae, 30 Ixodes canisuga, 3 Ixodes frontalis, 80 Ixodes hexagonus, 3 Ixodes lividus, 497 Ixodes ricinus/inopinatus, 1 Ixodes rugicollis, 17 Ixodes trianguliceps, 14 Ixodes vespertilionis, and 45 Rhipicephalus sanguineus sensu lato. Old and new tick findings were mapped, such as the northernmost occurrence of D. marginatus in Germany observed in 2021, but also the historical records from the first descriptions of I. apronophorus and I. arboricola, which were georeferenced here for the first time. The digital dataset of tick locations available for Germany is supplemented by 854 new tick locations. These records increase the number of tick species mapped in the federal states Bavaria, Brandenburg and Mecklenburg Western Pomerania by five each, those in Berlin and Schleswig-Holstein by four each, those in Hamburg by three, those in Baden-Wuerttemberg, Bremen, Lower Saxony, Northrhine-Westphalia, Rhineland Palatinate and Thuringia by two each, and those in Hesse, Saxony and Saxony-Anhalt by one each. Thus, the first data update of the tick atlas in Germany and the underlying digital dataset significantly improve our knowledge of the distribution of these tick species and helps to investigate the effects of climate change and habitat changes on them.

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GermanIxodes inopinatussamples may not actually represent this tick species

Cited by 3 publications

References 59 publications

Genetic analysis challenges the presence of Ixodes inopinatus in Central Europe: development of a multiplex PCR to distinguish I. inopinatus from I. ricinus

Genetic analysis challenges the presence of Ixodes inopinatus in Central Europe: development of a multiplex PCR to distinguish I. inopinatus from I. ricinus

Klimawandel und vektorübertragene Infektionen in EuropaTeil 2: Zeckenübertragene Infektionen

Atlas of ticks (Acari: Argasidae, Ixodidae) in Germany: 1st data update

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