Germ Cells in the Ovaries of Xo Female Infants

Carr, David; Haggar, Robert A.; Hart, A. G.

doi:10.1093/ajcp/49.4.521

Cited by 94 publications

(29 citation statements)

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“…XO oocytes in the human female normally have all disappeared by the time of birth or shortly thereafter though there are 4 cases on record of fertile, apparently non-mosaic 45,X females (see Lajborek-Czyz, 1976). Sterile, 'streak' gonads typically occupy the place of ovaries in 45,X adults (Carr, Haggar & Hart, 1968). The XO mouse is, by contrast, normally fertile though its supply of oocytes is exhausted long before those of its XX litter mates (Lyon & Hawker, 1973 (Ohno, Jainchill & Stenius, 1963 ;Ohno, 1964) ; in the marsupial family Peramelidae the soma is, in varying degree, XO in both sexes though the germ cells of ovary and testis retain their normal XX and XY constitutions (Hayman & Martin, 1974, review (Mystkowska & Tarkowski, 1968;Ford et al, 1975 Dunn, Kenney & Lein, 1968b;Rieck, 1973Rieck, , 1976.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytogenetic observations on XX/XY chimaeras and a reassessment of the evidence for germ cell chimaerism in heterosexual twin cattle and marmosets

Ford¹,

Evans²

1977

Reproduction

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Cytogenetic observations on XX/XY chimaeras and a reassessment of the evidence for germ cell chimaerism in heterosexual twin cattle and marmosets

Ford¹,

Evans²

1977

Reproduction

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“…Forty years ago ovaries from fetuses with TS with the 45,X complement were shown to have a normal germ cell count until week 18 of gestation, after which they seemed to undergo accelerated degeneration (10)(11). The gonadal insufficiency is associated with high levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH) in early childhood (2-5 years) and after the time of normal onset of puberty (11 years), while during the neonatal period and late childhood the level of FSH and LH is comparable to those in healthy girls (12).…”

Section: The Pituitary Ovarian Axismentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological, endocrine and metabolic features in Turner syndrome

Gravholt

2005

Arq Bras Endocrinol Metab

116

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Turner syndrome is one of the more common genetic disorders, associated with abnormalities of the X chromosome, and occurring in about 50 per 100,000 liveborn girls. Turner syndrome is usually associated with reduced adult height, gonadal dysgenesis, and thus insufficient circulating levels of female sex steroids, and infertility. A number of other signs and symptoms are seen more frequent with the syndrome. Morbidity and mortality is increased. The average intellectual performance is within the normal range. With respect to epidemiology, cardiology, endocrinology and metabolism a number of recent studies have allowed new insight. Treatment with GH during childhood and adolescence allows a considerable gain in adult height. Puberty has to be induced in most cases, and female sex hormone replacement therapy is given during adult years. The proper dose of HRT has not been established, and, likewise, benefits and/or drawbacks from HRT has not been thoroughly evaluated. Since the risk of cardiovascular and endocrinological disease is clearly elevated, proper care during adulthood is emphasized. In summary, Turner syndrome is a condition associated with a number of disease and conditions which are reviewed in present paper. RESUMO Dados Epidemiológicos, Endócrinos e Metabólicos na Síndrome de Turner.A síndrome de Turner, decorrente de anomalias dos cromossomos sexuais, é uma das doenças genéticas mais comuns, ocorrendo em cerca de 50:100.000 recém-nascidas. A síndrome de Turner está geralmente associada à baixa estatura, disgenesia gonadal e, portanto, níveis insuficientes de esteróides sexuais femininos, e esterilidade. Vários outros sinais e sintomas são observados mais freqüentemente em portadoras dessa síndrome. Há aumento da morbidade e da mortalidade. A performance intelectual costuma estar dentro da normalidade. Estudos recentes têm trazido novas informações quanto a seus aspectos epidemiológicos, cardiológicos, endócrinos e metabólicos. O tratamento com hGH na infância e na adolescência permite um ganho considerável na estatura final. A puberdade precisa ser induzida na maioria dos casos, e a terapia de reposição de hormônios sexuais femininos (TRH) persiste durante toda a vida adulta. As doses adequadas para TRH ainda não estão bem estabelecidas; do mesmo modo, seus benefícios e/ou desvantagens ainda não foram cuidadosamente avaliados. Uma vez que o risco de doenças cardiovasculares e endócrinas é claramente elevado, o cuidado adequado na vida adulta é enfatizado. Em síntese, a síndrome de Turner é uma afecção associada a diversas anomalias congênitas e adquiridas que são revisadas neste artigo.

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“…In the 1960s Singh and Carr, and Carr et al studying ovaries from fetuses with TS with the 45,X complement, showed that the germ cell count seemed normal until week 18 of gestation, after which accelerated degeneration occurred (33,34). Speed suggested that the infertility associated with TS was due to this loss of germ cells, and that it was initiated by the inability of the lone X chromosome to pair with an autosome during meiosis (35).…”

Section: Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Epidemiological, endocrine and metabolic features in Turner syndrome

2004

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Turner syndrome is one of the more common genetic disorders, associated with abnormalities of the X chromosome, and occurring in about 50 per 100 000 liveborn girls. Turner syndrome is usually associated with reduced adult height, gonadal dysgenesis and thus insufficient circulating levels of female sex steroids, and infertility. A number of other signs and symptoms are seen more frequently with the syndrome. Morbidity and mortality are increased. The average intellectual performance is within the normal range. A number of recent studies have provided new insights with respect to epidemiology, cardiology, endocrinology and metabolism. Treatment with GH during childhood and adolescence allows a considerable gain in adult height, although verylong-term consequences of this treatment are not clear. Puberty has to be induced in most cases, and female sex hormone replacement therapy is given during the adult years. The proper dose of hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has not been established, and, likewise, benefits and/or drawbacks from HRT have not been thoroughly evaluated. Since the risk of cardiovascular and endocrinological disease is clearly elevated, proper care during adulthood is emphasized. In summary, Turner syndrome is a condition associated with a number of diseases and conditions which are reviewed in the present paper.

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Germ Cells in the Ovaries of Xo Female Infants

Cited by 94 publications

References 0 publications

Cytogenetic observations on XX/XY chimaeras and a reassessment of the evidence for germ cell chimaerism in heterosexual twin cattle and marmosets

Cytogenetic observations on XX/XY chimaeras and a reassessment of the evidence for germ cell chimaerism in heterosexual twin cattle and marmosets

Epidemiological, endocrine and metabolic features in Turner syndrome

Epidemiological, endocrine and metabolic features in Turner syndrome

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