Germ cell tumours of the ovary

Abstract

Germinal cell tumours represent only 2-5% of all cancers of the ovary. However, the characteristics of the tumour and the patients have some special qualities as high rates of healing goes together with a strong desire to keep fertility intact because this condition occurs in female children and adolescent girls. Neither the prognosis nor the treatment of these tumours is homogeneous; the low incidence is the reason it is hard to develop prospective studies for establishing prognostic factors and specific treatments. The introduction of adjuvant chemotherapy into initial surgery has improved the prognosis of these patients. The BEP scheme has proved to be equally efficient and less toxic than PVB, and for this reason it has become the standard scheme despite the fact that no randomised studies have been carried out. The surgical treatment demands the application of the same principles seen in cytoreduction surgery of epithelial cancers of the ovary (maximum possible cytoreduction), though in many cases hysterectomy and double adnexectomy may be obviated. In view of the rarity of these tumours, it is advisable to work within cooperative groups that may have subgroups for the treatment of rare tumours. This will probably be the only way to move forward in the prospective knowledge of prognostic factors for these tumours.

Ovarian Germ Cell Tumours: Clinicopathological Features and Treatment Outcomes

“…The experience by the GOG [16], noted that completely resected patients (R0) had better OS than those who had residual after surgery. Williams et al [17] found out that patients with no residual after surgery had significantly better EFS than those with gross residual.…”

Diagnóstico de disgerminoma ovariano durante a gestação

“…The patient was referred for supplementary chemotherapy treatment and the final staging, according to FIGO (1985) 1,2,4,5,10 Since this is an uncommon tumor, a diagnosis of dysgerminoma is suspected at the point that a surgeon encounters it, for the first time and predicting prognosis demands certainty that metastasis has not occurred, which will undoubtedly improve the chances of better and longer survival. 2,9,11 In the case described here, giant left-side uterine leiomyoma was diagnosed during prenatal tests and neither adnexal tumor nor ovarian neoplasm were considered. Although the 14-week obstetric US showed a corpus luteum cyst in an enlarged left ovary, to a certain extent, this corresponds to what takes place in around 70% to 80% of cases, when the US operator does not routinely measure the diameter 8,11,12 .…”

“…1 They are generally considered to have low malignant potential, but may spread if there is invasion through metastasis or capsule, or lymph node or blood cell involvement. 2,8,9 case A white, 25-year-old female sought medical services for prenatal care.…”

Case report: A rare case of dysgerminoma presenting with skin and breast metastasis

“…Mrs. D.H. actually did well on surgery while awaiting the commencement of adjuvant chemotherapy. Most cases surgery alone is not adequate for treatment, the patients usually benefits from adjuvant therapies to prevent relapse [8].…”

“…When chemotherapy is use 3 -4 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy with cisplatinum, etoposide/vinblastine, and bleomycin are often reserved for patients with at least stage 1B disease (i.e., disease that is limited to both ovaries) or for those patients who suffer recurrences and it has been shown that the results of therapy are similar to results for patients with stage 1A disease [8].…”