Geriatric Nursing: Relationship Among Death Attitude, Meaning in Life, and Career Choice Motivation

Abstract

Background Aging populations require higher quality care. However, few undergraduate nursing students choose careers in aged care. Negative death attitudes and loss of meaning in life may reduce motivation to choose geriatric nursing (GN) as a career. The relationships among these variables have yet to be clarified in the literature. Purpose The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationships among death attitude, meaning in life, and motivation to choose a career in GN among undergraduate nursing students in China. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted using an online survey. Five hundred ninety-five final-year undergraduate nursing students in four nursing schools completed the Career Choice Motivation Questionnaire for Geriatric Nursing, Death Attitude Profile-Revised, and Meaning in Life Questionnaire. A t test, analysis of variance, Pearson's correlation, and multiple linear regression model were used to analyze the data using SPSS Version 22.0. Results The mean Career Choice Motivation Questionnaire for Geriatric Nursing item score was 3.15 (SD = 0.49; 1–5 points), indicating the participants were moderately motivated to choose GN as a career. The multiple linear regression revealed statistically significant associations among death attitude, meaning in life, and motivation to care for older adults, explaining 14.5% of the total variance (R 2 = .15, F = 9.01, p < .001). Perceiving meaning in life, having escape acceptance, and having approach acceptance were each shown to be positively associated with choosing a career in GN. Conversely, fear of death and death avoidance were found to be negatively associated with choosing this career path. Conclusions Death attitude and perceptions regarding the meaning of life are associated with the motivation of nursing students to care for older adults.