Geosynthesis of dibenzothiophene and alkyl dibenzothiophenes in crude oils and sediments by carbon catalysis

Interaction of coal and oil in confined pyrolysis experiments: Insight from the yield and composition of gas hydrocarbons

“…Numerous studies demonstrated that activated carbon and coal accelerate hydrocarbon reactions (e.g., Greensfelder et al, 1949;Smith et al, 1989;Alexander et al, 2009Alexander et al, , 2011Asif et al, 2009Asif et al, , 2010Berwick et al, 2011). Alexander et al (2011) proposed a reaction mechanism that carbon surface reaction results in the formation of reactive single carbon intermediates (i.e., methylene/ carbene) to account for the reaction products of 1-octadecene and 2,3,6-trimethylphenol in the presence of activated carbon under closed pyrolysis.…”

“…Recently, a series of studies were reported to document the effects of carbonaceous surfaces (activated carbon and coal) on organic reactions Asif et al, 2009Asif et al, , 2010Berwick et al, 2011). These works demonstrated that carbonaceous surfaces substantially catalyse (1) hydrogen exchange involving a straight chain alkane and several cycloalkanes and aromatic hydrocarbons ; (2) the transformations of 1-octadecene and 2,3,6-trimethyphenol into gaseous and liquid products ; (3) the reactions of biphenyls with surface adsorbed reactants incorporating either S, O, N or methylene to from dibenzothiophene, dibenzofuran, carbazole or fluorene (Asif et al, 2009(Asif et al, , 2010; and (4) the formation of alkyl adamantanes from b-ionone and demethylation, isomerisation and hydrogen exchange of alkyl adamantanes . Therefore, these authors suggest that surface reactions of hydrocarbons on solid state carbonaceous material present in sediments (e.g., coal, kerogen, pyrobitumen and black carbon) play an important role in the formation of crude oil and natural gas (e.g., Alexander et al, 2011).…”

δ34S character of organosulfur compounds in kerogen and bitumen fractions of sedimentary rocks

“…OSC identification was based on mass spectral and GC elution position correlated to published data (e.g. Asif et al, 2009 Fossing and Jørgensen, 1989;Passier et al, 1999) were measured via combustion-isotope ratio monitoring mass spectrometry (C-irmMS) in a Thermo Flash 2000 connected to a Thermo Finnigan MAT 253 via a Thermo Conflow III interface (C-irmMS; Böttcher and Schnetger, 2004;Böttcher et al, 2006). …”

Several Problems on the Use of Relative Abundances of Fluorenes, Dibenzofurans and Dibenzothiophenes in the Study of Depositional Environment

“…(DMDBTs)，从而更进一步证实了二苯并噻吩和联苯 之间的联系。根据沉积有机质多甲基联苯和多甲基芴 之间关系，李美俊等 [9] 也提出了三甲基联苯和三甲基 二苯并噻吩之间的成因关系。 关于石油和沉积有机质中芴的来源，目前研究成 果尚不多，Alexander 等(1988)在实验室用 2,3-二甲 基联苯，在没有任何催化条件下，加热获得了 1-甲 基芴，从而认为石油中的芴可能来自联苯 [10] 。Asif [7] 提出了由联苯形成芴、二苯并噻吩和二苯并呋喃的成 因模式，但仍有待于进一步研究。 此外，现存的地衣(lichens)是自然界条件下能产 生具有二苯并呋喃结构衍生物的生物体，Radke 等 生源特征 [19] 3. 实验与方法 应用石油中"三芴"系列判识沉积环境的几个问题 …”

“…生成 DBT [2,3] ，并根据 DBF 和 DBT 的相对含量判识 有机质的沉积环境 [1][2][3][4][5] 或进行油-源对比 [6] 。 但近些年来的成果显示，二苯并噻吩和二苯并呋 喃与芴可能没有确定的相关性 [6][7][8] ，夏燕青等 [4] 在实验 室用联苯和硫反应获得了二苯并噻吩。据 Asif [7,8] 等研 究结果发现，在 300℃温度下，以活性炭或者含沥青…”