Geosynchronous synthetic aperture radar: Concept design, properties and possible applications

Bruno, Davide; Hobbs, Stephen; Ottavianelli, Giuseppe

doi:10.1016/j.actaastro.2006.02.005

Cited by 82 publications

(52 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…The High-Precision Orbit Propagator (HPOP) in STK is adopted to obtain more accurate orbit simulation. The input parameters of our inclined orbit GEO SAR system are given in Table 2 [19,21]. We consider the classical " Figure 8" inclined GEO SAR orbit with the small eccentricity and the large inclination.…”

Section: Performance Evaluation and Discussion: Example Of Geo Sar Dementioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the inclination, the designed GEO SAR systems can be classified into the inclined orbit GEO SAR system (large inclination) and the quasi-geostationary system (small or zero inclination, small eccentricity but not zero) [18]. To satisfy the SNR requirement, inclined orbit GEO SAR system needs a higher power and a larger antenna size [19]. It achieves the designed azimuth resolution by a relative shorter integration time and it is sensitive to ionosphere and cluster disturbances [20][21][22][23][24][25][26][27][28].…”

Section: Bandmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Performance and Requirements of GEO SAR Systems in the Presence of Radio Frequency Interferences

Guarnieri

et al. 2018

Remote Sensing

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Geosynchronous Synthetic Aperture Radar (GEO SAR) is a possible next generation SAR system, which has the excellent performance of less than one-day revisit and hundreds of kilometres coverage. However, Radio Frequency Interference (RFI) is a serious problem, because the specified primary allocation frequencies are shared by the increasing number of microwave devices. More seriously, as the high orbit of GEO SAR makes the system have a very large imaging swath, the RFI signals all over the illuminated continent will interfere and deteriorate the GEO SAR signal. Aimed at the RFI impact in GEO SAR case, this paper focuses on the performance evaluation and the system design requirement of GEO SAR in the presence of RFI impact. Under the RFI impact, Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio (SINR) and the required power are theoretically deduced both for the ground RFI and the bistatic scattering RFI cases. Based on the theoretical analysis, performance evaluations of the GEO SAR design examples in the presence of RFI are conducted. The results show that higher RFI intensity and lower working frequency will make the GEO SAR have a higher power requirement for compensating the RFI impact. Moreover, specular RFI bistatic scattering will give rise to the extremely serious impact on GEO SAR, which needs incredible power requirements for compensations. At last, real RFI signal behaviours and statistical analyses based on the SMOS satellite, Beidou-2 navigation satellite and Sentinel-1 A data have been given in the appendix.

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Section: Performance Evaluation and Discussion: Example Of Geo Sar Dementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Bandmentioning

confidence: 99%

Performance and Requirements of GEO SAR Systems in the Presence of Radio Frequency Interferences

Guarnieri

et al. 2018

Remote Sensing

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“…In 2002, Madsen et al proposed the basic conception of using GEO D-InSAR to monitor the worldwide earthquake activities and analyzed the feasibility of the system [16]. Later, Monti-Guarneri and Bruno [2,17,18] studied the temporal advantages of a GEO D-InSAR system in surface deformation monitoring and the decorrelation impacts on GEO SAR data processing. Hu et al [19] proposed methods of obtaining the optimal SAR interferometry (InSAR) pair for height and deformation retrieval in the repeat-track GEO InSAR system.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Geosynchronous synthetic aperture radar (GEO SAR) [1][2][3] runs at geosynchronous orbit which has the height of about 36,000 km. It has a short revisit time of less than 24 h and extensive imaging coverage of more than 1000 km [4,5], which helps to realize the fast revisit and imaging of scenes of interest [6,7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impacts of Temporal-Spatial Variant Background Ionosphere on Repeat-Track GEO D-InSAR System

Dong

et al. 2016

Remote Sensing

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An L band geosynchronous synthetic aperture radar (GEO SAR) differential interferometry system (D-InSAR) will be obviously impacted by the background ionosphere, which will give rise to relative image shifts and decorrelations of the SAR interferometry (InSAR) pair, and induce the interferometric phase screen errors in interferograms. However, the background ionosphere varies within the long integration time (hundreds to thousands of seconds) and the extensive imaging scene (1000 km levels) of GEO SAR. As a result, the conventional temporal-spatial invariant background ionosphere model (i.e., frozen model) used in Low Earth Orbit (LEO) SAR is no longer valid. To address the issue, we firstly construct a temporal-spatial background ionosphere variation model, and then theoretically analyze its impacts, including relative image shifts and the decorrelation of the GEO InSAR pair, and the interferometric phase screen errors, on the repeat-track GEO D-InSAR processing. The related impacts highly depend on the background ionosphere parameters (constant total electron content (TEC) component, and the temporal first-order and the temporal second-order derivatives of TEC with respect to the azimuth time), signal bandwidth, and integration time. Finally, the background ionosphere data at Isla Guadalupe Island (29.02 • N, 118.27 • W) on 7-8 October 2013 is employed for validating the aforementioned analysis. Under the selected background ionosphere dataset, the temporal-spatial background ionosphere variation can give rise to a relative azimuth shift of dozens of meters at most, and even the complete decorrelation in the InSAR pair. Moreover, the produced interferometric phase screen error corresponds to a deformation measurement error of more than 0.2 m at most, even in a not severely impacted area.

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“…Geosynchronous Synthetic Aperture Radar (GeoSAR) has received more and more attention since it possesses many advantages compared to the low-earth orbit SAR [1]. For example, daily images of earth can be acquired which benefit from the short revisit cycle of GeoSAR (24 hours); benefit from the long slant range, the footprint size of antenna-beam can be very large.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An Improved Polar Format Algorithm With Performance Analysis for Geosynchronous Circular Sar 2d Imaging

Liu¹,

Hong²,

Tan³

et al. 2011

PIER

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Abstract-This paper presents an improved polar format algorithm (PFA) for geosynchronous synthetic aperture radar which undergoes a near-circular track (GeoCSAR). GeoCSAR imaging geometry and signal formulation considering orbit perturbations were derived to ensure accurate slant range between antenna and targets. The illuminated area is more than one million square kilometers due to the long slant distance, resulting in large amount of data to be processed and that the scene is a spherical crown rather than a plane. By assuming spherical wavefronts instead of planar wavefronts, improved polar format algorithm (PFA) was proposed to focus GeoCSAR raw data on a spherical reference surface (ground surface), so that the size of focused scene is no longer limited by the range curvature phase error. Thus, this method could deal with large area imaging for GeoCSAR precisely and efficiently. The implementation procedure, computational complexity, phase error and achievable resolution were presented to show the focusing capabilities of this imaging algorithm. Numerical simulation was further performed to validate the feasibility of this imaging algorithm and the correctness of analysis.

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Geosynchronous synthetic aperture radar: Concept design, properties and possible applications

Cited by 82 publications

References 8 publications

Performance and Requirements of GEO SAR Systems in the Presence of Radio Frequency Interferences

Performance and Requirements of GEO SAR Systems in the Presence of Radio Frequency Interferences

Impacts of Temporal-Spatial Variant Background Ionosphere on Repeat-Track GEO D-InSAR System

An Improved Polar Format Algorithm With Performance Analysis for Geosynchronous Circular Sar 2d Imaging

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