Geostatistical Analysis of Monthly Temperature Distributions using Topographic Data: A Case Study around Jirisan Areas

Abstract

: This paper generated time-series temperature maps and analyzed the characteristics of temperature distributions from monthly average temperature observations between 2010 and 2011 in Jirisan areas using topographic data and geostatistics. From variogram modeling, all months except May to August showed that the spatial variability of temperature was the greatest along the direction perpendicular to coasts. Monthly temperature has negative correlations with elevation and distances from coasts and especially the correlation between temperature and distances from coasts was very weak in summer like the variogram modeling result. For temperature distribution mapping, kriging with a trend and ordinary kriging were separately applied as a univariate kriging algorithm by considering the spatial variability structures of temperature. Simple kriging with varying local means was applied as a multivariate kriging algorithm for integrating topographic data sets. From the cross validation results, the use of topographic data in spatial prediction of temperature showed the improved predictive performance, compared with univariate kriging. This improvement in predictive performance was dependent mainly on mean and variation values of monthly temperature and the spatial auto-correlation strength of residuals, as well as the correlation between topographic data and temperature. Based on these analysis results, spatial variability analysis using variogram is effectively used to account for spatial characteristics of monthly temperature and the correlation with topographic data. Topographic data can also be a useful information source for reliable temperature mapping.

Relationships between Topographical Conditions and Climatic Data at Weather Stations in South Korea

“…지형에 의 한 기후 특성을 주제로 한 국외의 최근 연구는 특 정 지역의 지형 요소나 지형적 조건을 고려하여 강 수, 기온, 바람 등의 공간적 분포 특성을 모델링하 는 공간 분석 기법에 대한 연구 (Weisse and Bois, 2001; Johansson and Chen, 2003;Marquínez, et al, 2003;Ahmed et al, 2014;Feidas et al, 2014;Zhang et al, 2014)가 대부분이다. 우리나라에서는 기상 및 기후 자료의 공간적 특성을 해석하고 모 델링하기 위한 변수로서 지형 요소를 고려한 연구 (Lim and Lee, 1994;Yun, 2000;Jung et al, 2006;Park and Kim, 2009;Kim et al, 2010;Lee at al., 2012), 기온, 강수 등의 기후 요소와 지형 요소 사 이의 공간적 상호관계를 분석한 연구 (Um et al, 2011;Chung et al, 2003;Park and Jang, 2013) O'Hare et al, 2005;Ahrens, 2006;Lee, 2007 (Marquínez et al, 2003;Apaydin et al, 2011). 그러나 우리나라 36개 기상 관측소에 서 해안선으로부터의 거리와 기후 자료 사이의 상 관성을 분석한 결과, 선형의 상관성은 강수보다 는 기온에서 잘 나타났다.…”