Geostatistical analysis of effective vertical hydraulic conductivity and presence of confining layers in the Shallow Glacial Drift Aquifer, Oakland County, Michigan

Bissell, E.G.; Aichele, Stephen S.

doi:10.3133/sir20045167

Cited by 2 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…For example, an exponential model generally yields slightly larger λ values than a gaussian model (Oliver & Webster, 2014). In contrast, these correlation scales are much shorter than those found in lacustrine environments (Bissell & Aichele, 2004). Correlation scales of seepage flux have been infrequently studied and values range from little or no correlation (Kennedy et al, 2008) to 5.2-109.8 m (Mohamed et al, 2021).…”

Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

Using Automated Seepage Meters to Quantify the Spatial Variability and Net Flux of Groundwater to a Stream

Humphrey

Solomon

Genereux

et al. 2022

Water Resources Research

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We utilized 251 measurements from a recently developed automated seepage meter (ASM) in streambeds in the Nebraska Sand Hills, USA to investigate the small‐scale spatial variability of groundwater seepage flux (q) and the ability of the ASM to estimate mean q at larger scales. Small‐scale spatial variability of q was analyzed in five dense arrays, each covering an area of 13.5–28.0 m2 (169 total point measurements). Streambed vertical hydraulic conductivity (K) was also measured. Results provided: (a) high‐resolution contour plots of q and K, (b) anisotropic semi‐variograms demonstrating greater correlation scales of q and K along the stream length than across the stream width, and (c) the number of rows of points (perpendicular to streamflow) needed to represent the groundwater flux of areas up to 28.0 m2. The findings suggest that representative streambed measurements are best conducted perpendicular to streamflow to accommodate larger seepage flux heterogeneity in this direction and minimize sampling redundancy. To investigate the ASM's ability to produce accurate mean q at larger scales, seepage meters were deployed in four stream reaches (170–890 m), arranged in three to six transects (three to eight points each) per reach across the channel. In each reach, the mean seepage flux from ASMs was compared to the seepage flux from bromide tracer dilution. Agreement between the two methods indicates the viability of a modest number of seepage meter measurements to determine the overall groundwater flux to the stream and can guide sampling for solutes and environmental tracers.

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Section: Tablementioning

confidence: 99%

Using Automated Seepage Meters to Quantify the Spatial Variability and Net Flux of Groundwater to a Stream

Humphrey

Solomon

Genereux

et al. 2022

Water Resources Research

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“…Even with the quality-control procedures applied, however, the results of Bissell and Aichele (2004) were not definitive. Neither statistical model described more than half of the overall variability in the dataset.…”

Section: The Glacial Aquifer In Oakland Countymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…These techniques are of limited value in a complex glacial environment such as that in Oakland County, not only because of the natural heterogeneity of the glacial aquifer but also because of variations in the way glacial lithologies are reported in drillers' logs. A recent report (Bissell and Aichele, 2004) applied geostatistical techniques to document several aspects of the glacial aquifer system, including the vertical hydraulic conductivity of the upper part and the probability that a clay layer 10 or more feet thick might be present. More than 36,000 drillers' logs were considered in the analysis.…”

Section: The Glacial Aquifer In Oakland Countymentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1). Several recent USGS technical reports document specific aspects of the study: a data report (Aichele and others, 2004), a report describing characteristics of the glacial aquifer (Bissell and Aichele, 2004), a report describing the effects of urban land-cover change on water resources (Aichele, 2005), and a report describing the microbiological quality of rivers and streams in Oakland County (Fogarty and others, 2005).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Water resources in a rapidly growing region: Oakland County, Michigan

Aichele¹

2005

Open-File Report

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Oakland County is a suburban county in southeast Michigan. Population and demand for water grew steadily in the county over the 20th century, and these trends are expected to continue in coming decades. Roughly 75 percent of current water demand is met by imported water from the Detroit Water and Sewerage Division (DWSD), but water use from groundwater sources within the county still exceeds 43 million gallons per day. Because much of the population growth is in areas beyond the DWSD system, an additional 20-25 million gallons per day of supply may be necessary to meet future demands. Managing the wastewater produced while also protecting human and ecosystem health also may present challenges. Despite considerable expansion of urban areas, streamflow characteristics at most sites have not been affected. However, at several sites in areas of the county that are both supplied by ground water and sewered, statistically significant downward trends in low-flow stream discharges have been noted between 1970 and 2003. Stream chemistry, compared to a previous study of county water resources prepared in 1972, has generally improved, with marked decreases in concentrations of nitrogen, phosphorus, and sulfate. Chloride concentrations, however, have increased dramatically in river and lake water across the county. Detectable concentrations of personal-care products, flame retardants, and petroleum fuel compounds were identified at all river sites sampled.

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Geostatistical analysis of effective vertical hydraulic conductivity and presence of confining layers in the Shallow Glacial Drift Aquifer, Oakland County, Michigan

Cited by 2 publications

References 7 publications

Using Automated Seepage Meters to Quantify the Spatial Variability and Net Flux of Groundwater to a Stream

Using Automated Seepage Meters to Quantify the Spatial Variability and Net Flux of Groundwater to a Stream

Water resources in a rapidly growing region: Oakland County, Michigan

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