Geospatial and Temporal Analysis of Thyroid Cancer Incidence in a Rural Population

Hanley, John; Jackson, Erin A.; Morrissey, L. A.; Rizzo, Donna M.; Sprague, Brian L.; Sarkar, Indra Neil; Carr, Frances E.

doi:10.1089/thy.2015.0039

Cited by 35 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…This may help to explain why the largest increase in incidence has occurred in the 20-50 year age group rather than in older women. 49 Other authors have suggested race, ethnicity, and nativity as contributing factors. [50][51][52][53][54][55] In Sweden, immigrants from the middle east, Asia, and South America have an increased incidence of well-differentiated thyroid cancer, 56 and in New Zealand, women from Pacific regions have a higher incidence in comparison with women of European descent.…”

Section: Sex and Ethnic Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hall et al found a 3‐fold increase in the use of diagnostic imaging in women in comparison with men, and the largest increase occurred in young women. This may help to explain why the largest increase in incidence has occurred in the 20‐50 year age group rather than in older women …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…A higher incidence of well‐differentiated thyroid cancer in comparison with the national average has also been found in specific populations with better access to healthcare, such as the military in the United States . However, other authors have failed to find a correlation between access to healthcare and socioeconomic characteristics with the incidence of well‐differentiated thyroid cancer …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Growing incidence of thyroid carcinoma in recent years: Factors underlying overdiagnosis

et al. 2017

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There is an increasing incidence of well-differentiated thyroid cancer worldwide. Much of the increase is secondary to increased detection of small, low-risk tumors, with questionable clinical significance. This review addresses the factors that contribute to the increasing incidence and considers environmental, and patient-based and clinician-led influences. Articles addressing the causes of the increased incidence were critically reviewed. A complex interplay of environmental, medical, and social pressures has resulted in increased awareness of the thyroid disease risk, increased screening of thyroid cancers, and increased diagnosis of thyroid cancers. Although there is evidence to suggest that the true disease incidence may be changing slightly, most of the increase is related to factors that promote early diagnosis of low-risk lesions, which is resulting in a significant phenomenon of overdiagnosis. An improved understanding of these pressures at a global level will enable healthcare policymakers to react appropriately to this challenge in the future.

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Section: Sex and Ethnic Differencesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Growing incidence of thyroid carcinoma in recent years: Factors underlying overdiagnosis

et al. 2017

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“…Thyroid cancer is one of the most frequent types of endocrine neoplasms worldwide, with ~300,000 new cases occurring every year (1,2). Due to several environmental and socioeconomic factors, the occurrence rate of thyroid cancer is more increased among rural populations (3). Thyroid cancer has been identified as one of the most common types of malignancy among Asian population in 2015 (4).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Inhibitory roles of miR‑9 on papillary thyroid cancer through targeting BRAF

Yang

Yin

et al. 2018

Mol Med Report

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MicroRNA‑9 (miR‑9) is reported to be underexpressed in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) tissues; however, the molecular mechanisms underlying the implication of miR‑9 in PTC have yet to be elucidated. The present study aimed to explore the potential roles of miR‑9 in PTC. PTC tissue samples and paired non‑cancerous adjacent tissues were collected from 60 patients with PTC. The human TPC‑1 thyroid gland papillary carcinoma cell line was used to investigate the molecular mechanisms underlying the roles of miR‑9 in PTC. The levels of miR‑9 and its downstream target gene BRAF were detected through reverse transcription‑quantitative polymerase chain reaction. MTT assay and flow cytometry were performed to evaluate cell viability and apoptosis, respectively. A mouse xenograft tumor model was established to observe the effects of miR‑9 on thyroid gland tumorigenesis in vivo. The present study revealed that the expression of miR‑9 was significantly reduced in PTC tissues compared with paired normal tissues. In addition, miR‑9 upregulation suppressed the expression of BRAF in TPC‑1 cells in vitro. Luciferase reporter assay demonstrated that BRAF may be a direct target gene of miR‑9 in TPC‑1 cells. In addition, following transfection with miR‑9 mimics, the viability of TPC‑1 cells was suppressed and their apoptosis was enhanced; conversely, transfection with miR‑9 inhibitor exerted the opposite effects in vitro. miR‑9 overexpression or downregulation also affected in vivo PTC tumorigenesis in athymic mice. The present findings suggested that miR‑9 may suppress the viability of PTC cells and inhibit tumor growth through directly targeting the expression of BRAF in PTC.

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“…Several informatics methods have investigated environmental perturbations and their effects on human health and disease. Studies have used Electronic Health Record (EHR) data to investigate environmental challenge in disease progression, 3 identified thyroid cancer hotspots in Vermont, 4 and correlated air pollution with disease risk in Italy. 5 Environment-Wide Association Studies have been performed using EHR data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Development and validation of the PEPPER framework (Prenatal Exposure PubMed ParsER) with applications to food additives

Boland

Kashyap

Xiong

et al. 2018

Journal of the American Medical Informatics Association

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BackgroundGlobally, 36% of deaths among children can be attributed to environmental factors. However, no comprehensive list of environmental exposures exists. We seek to address this gap by developing a literature-mining algorithm to catalog prenatal environmental exposures.MethodsWe designed a framework called PEPPER Prenatal Exposure PubMed ParsER to a) catalog prenatal exposures studied in the literature and b) identify study type. Using PubMed Central, PEPPER classifies article type (methodology, systematic review) and catalogs prenatal exposures. We coupled PEPPER with the FDA’s food additive database to form a master set of exposures.ResultsWe found that of 31 764 prenatal exposure studies only 53.0% were methodology studies. PEPPER consists of 219 prenatal exposures, including a common set of 43 exposures. PEPPER captured prenatal exposures from 56.4% of methodology studies (9492/16 832 studies). Two raters independently reviewed 50 randomly selected articles and annotated presence of exposures and study methodology type. Error rates for PEPPER’s exposure assignment ranged from 0.56% to 1.30% depending on the rater. Evaluation of the study type assignment showed agreement ranging from 96% to 100% (kappa = 0.909, p < .001). Using a gold-standard set of relevant prenatal exposure studies, PEPPER achieved a recall of 94.4%.ConclusionsUsing curated exposures and food additives; PEPPER provides the first comprehensive list of 219 prenatal exposures studied in methodology papers. On average, 1.45 exposures were investigated per study. PEPPER successfully distinguished article type for all prenatal studies allowing literature gaps to be easily identified.

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Geospatial and Temporal Analysis of Thyroid Cancer Incidence in a Rural Population

Cited by 35 publications

References 37 publications

Growing incidence of thyroid carcinoma in recent years: Factors underlying overdiagnosis

Growing incidence of thyroid carcinoma in recent years: Factors underlying overdiagnosis

Inhibitory roles of miR‑9 on papillary thyroid cancer through targeting BRAF

Development and validation of the PEPPER framework (Prenatal Exposure PubMed ParsER) with applications to food additives

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