Geospatial analysis of suicidal bridge jumping in the Metro Vancouver Regional District from 2006 to 2014

Lam, Vienna C.; Kinney, J. Bryan; Bell, Lynne

doi:10.1016/j.jflm.2017.01.006

Cited by 7 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 23 publications

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“…Results have showed that suicide-related emergency calls are spatially patterned. This is in line with previous research that also suggested the unequal distribution of suicide across areas [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. However, more interestingly, results also indicate that suicide-related emergency calls have a quarterly effect, with a peak of calls in the second (April to June) and in the third trimester (July to September), and a decrease in the other trimesters.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

“…Although previous research has mainly focused on individual and familiar characteristics of suicide, an increasing number of studies have suggested that spatial patterns would also have an impact in suicide risk, in other words, that suicide would not be randomly distributed across the space, but subjected to underlying spatial patterns [ 4 , 5 , 6 , 7 , 8 , 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 ]. In addition, other studies have shown the seasonality of suicide: previous research suggests that the prevalence of suicide deaths are not constant, but varies during the year [ 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Suicide-Related Emergency Calls

Marco

López‐Quílez

Conesa

et al. 2017

IJERPH

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Considerable effort has been devoted to incorporate temporal trends in disease mapping. In this line, this work describes the importance of including the effect of the seasonality in a particular setting related with suicides. In particular, the number of suicide-related emergency calls is modeled by means of an autoregressive approach to spatio-temporal disease mapping that allows for incorporating the possible interaction between both temporal and spatial effects. Results show the importance of including seasonality effect, as there are differences between the number of suicide-related emergency calls between the four seasons of each year.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Suicide-Related Emergency Calls

Marco

López‐Quílez

Conesa

et al. 2017

IJERPH

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“…It is important to understand the impact of submergence on decomposition as human bodies are frequently recovered from the ocean, from natural disasters such as tsunamis, vessel sinking, and plane crashes as well as recreational and suicidal deaths, and homicide body disposals [13,14,15]. It is, therefore, important that we have a better understanding of the fate of a body in the ocean.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of Faunal Scavenging of Submerged Carrion in Two Seasons at a Depth of 170 m, in the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia

Anderson

Bell

2017

Insects

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The taphonomy of carcasses submerged in the ocean is little understood, yet it is extremely important ecologically and forensically. The objectives of this study were to determine the fate of pig carcasses as human proxies in the Strait of Georgia at 170 m in spring and fall. Using Ocean Networks Canada’s Victoria Experimental Network Underseas (VENUS) observatory, two carcasses per season were placed under a cabled platform hosting a webcam and instruments measuring water chemistry. Two minutes of video were recorded every 15 min. In spring, Lyssianassidae amphipods and Pandalus platyceros were immediately attracted and fed on the carcasses, the amphipods removed the bulk of the soft tissue from the inside whilst the shrimp shredded the skin and tissue. The carcasses were skeletonized on Days 8 and 10. In fall, Metacarcinus magister was the major scavenger, removing most of the soft tissue from one carcass. Amphipods did not arrive in large numbers until Day 15, when they skeletonized the scavenged carcass by Day 22 and the less scavenged carcass by Day 24. Amphipods remained for some days after skeletonization. This skeletonization was very different from previous experiments at different depths and habitats. Such data are very valuable for predicting preservation, planning recoveries, and managing family expectations.

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“…Water-related deaths in outdoor water environments can occur for multiple reasons, including unintentional drowning [1][2][3], suicide [4,5], and homicide [6,7]. Drowning alone is the third leading cause of accidental death globally [8], and many of these people are either never recovered or never identified [9][10][11][12][13][14].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Often, research in British Columbia (B.C.) has focused on decomposition patterns [7, 20, 28–32, 37, 38], accidental drowning prevention [1, 2, 39–44] or suicide [4, 5], and much of the current information is based on anecdotal or experiential knowledge [45, 46]. Limited information exists specifically regarding the early detection and recovery of human remains from outdoor waterbodies in B.C., necessitating further empirical studies based on large datasets with known data.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Water‐related fatalities: An examination of body displacement and recovery patterns in British Columbia, Canada

Martlin,

Bell

2023

Journal of Forensic Sciences

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Early recovery of human bodies from the water requires an understanding of how a body acts in the water. However, there is currently a lack of baseline data surrounding body movement in British Columbian (B.C.) waters. This study aims to assist Canadian response agencies with understanding and predicting body movement in outdoor waterbodies in B.C. One hundred and eighty‐six water‐related fatalities in B.C. waters, including lakes, rivers, and the coastal Pacific Ocean, were examined to determine the recovery times and displacement patterns of submerged decedents. Cases between 2010 and 2021 were extracted from the Police Records Information Management Environment (PRIME‐BC) for analysis. Most deaths were unintentional, followed by suicide and homicide, and most often occurred in rivers, followed by lakes and the ocean. Regardless of waterbody, the first day was the most successful recovery period, with decedents most often recovered close to the incident location. Nearly 16% of individuals in this study were not recovered. Recovery success was greatest in lakes, followed by rivers and the ocean. Body displacement was the least in lakes, while rivers resulted in the furthest and most variable displacement. Low recovery success in the ocean is likely due to decedents being quickly displaced out of the search area, never to be found. The results of this study suggest that knowledge of body movement in outdoor aquatic environments remains incomplete. Further empirical research based on known data is necessary to continue improving prediction of body movement and increase early recovery success.

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Geospatial analysis of suicidal bridge jumping in the Metro Vancouver Regional District from 2006 to 2014

Cited by 7 publications

References 23 publications

Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Suicide-Related Emergency Calls

Spatio-Temporal Analysis of Suicide-Related Emergency Calls

Comparison of Faunal Scavenging of Submerged Carrion in Two Seasons at a Depth of 170 m, in the Strait of Georgia, British Columbia

Water‐related fatalities: An examination of body displacement and recovery patterns in British Columbia, Canada

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