“…Furthermore, SAE of HIV/AIDS indicators are yet to bene t from the immense analytical power of SMS, which typically requires rich data that are scarce in LMICs (7,8). Nevertheless, this has been employed in the analysis of other health phenomena, including smoking, obesity, mental illness, alcohol consumption, diabetes, and healthcare access, especially in developed countries, which do not experience the same data limitations as in the present study context (10)(11)(12)(13)(14)(15). Similar indicators and data have been used by other studies, except that these are not disaggregated at small-area scales like in the present study (16)(17)(18)(19)(20).…”