George C. Wallace and the Founding of Alabama's Public Two-Year Colleges

Wraparound services: Urban and rural college promise case studies

“…Over time, there was a shift from higher education as a public good to a private good (Marginson, 2011), and the expectation that taking on the cost of going to college was a chance for students to invest in their own future. This marked shift corresponded with the expansion of loan access (Katsinas et al., 2022).…”

“…Affordability has been and remains a central issue in American higher education. While access has moved well beyond American higher education's elite White religious foundation, financial access has been seen to ebb and wane (Katsinas et al., 2022). However, as the trend of increased access grew, so too did cost.…”

“…As of 2020, there were 331 local community College Promise programs in 47 states and 29 statewide programs; by March of 2021, it was up to 336 local programs and 31 statewide programs in the College Promise database (see Katsinas et al., 2022). That number continues to shift and change rapidly as more communities and states add programs.…”

“…As a result, there is often a misconception about how much Pell covers in student expenses. In fact, until 2008–2009, the US went over 30 years without gains in Pell when considered against inflation (Katsinas et al., 2022). Bray et al.…”

“…As state disinvestment in higher education grew, in part due to the increased demands for Medicaid spending to match federal government outlays, the cost burden to attend college shifted to students. According to Katsinas et al (2022):…”