Geophysics of the Black Sea Basin

Vespremeanu, Emil; Golumbeanu, Mariana

doi:10.1007/978-3-319-70855-3_4

Cited by 2 publications

(3 citation statements)

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“…The semi-isolated Black Sea, located between Russia, Georgia, Turkey, Bulgaria, Romania and Ukraine, covers an area of approximately 466,200 km 2 [1] with a maximum water depth of 2245 m [2]. During the last glacial period the sea level was much lower than nowadays, and the Black Sea was separated from the Mediterranean Sea forming an immense lake.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Summer profile of lipophilic toxins in shellfish from the Black Sea, Bulgaria

Peteva

Krock

Georgieva

et al. 2018

Ovidius University Annals of Chemistry

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The presence of phytoplankton responsible for the production of marine biotoxins (phycotoxins) is well recognized globally. Phycotoxins accumulate in filter feeding bivalves and through the food chain find their way to humans. In certain quantities they can cause severe illness. According to the symptoms they cause marine biotoxins are classified as paralytic (e.g. saxitoxin), amnesic (e.g. domoic acid), which are hydrophilic and diarrheic (e.g. okadaic acid) toxins etc. which have lipophilic nature. The aim of this study was to assess the presence of lipophilic toxins in both cultivated and wild mussel (Mytilus galloprovincialis) samples, harvested in summer 2017 from the south coast of the Black Sea, Bulgaria. Determination was performed by liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. Despite of the recent evidence for the presence of a variety of potentially toxigenic producers in the investigated area, only yessotoxins were found in the studied samples. Mean levels of YTX in cultivated mussels were determined as 5832.86 pg YTX/g hepatopancreas (hp) and as 920.42 pg YTX/g hp in wild mussels. In both cases, YTX levels did not exceed the legislative limit of 3.75 mg/kg shellfish meat. These results indicated that the risk through consumption of studied shellfish is low.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The vertical temperature profile presents a specific stratification in three water layers with original properties. These are the cold intermediate layer (CIL), suboxic layer (SOL) and anoxic layer [1]. Surface water reaches a temperature of 28 °C during summer months [4].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Summer profile of lipophilic toxins in shellfish from the Black Sea, Bulgaria

Peteva

Krock

Georgieva

et al. 2018

Ovidius University Annals of Chemistry

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“…The north-western part of the Black Sea offshore is a tectonic depression (trough) of the Northern Black Sea region, which arose in the late Maykop time between Dobruji in the west and the Crimean Peninsula in the east. In the south, the depression is opened toward the large Black Sea depression, and in the north it is deeply embedded within the East European Platform (Nikishin et al, 2015;Vespremeanu & Golumbeanu, 2017).…”

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confidence: 99%

Peculiarities of geological and thermobaric conditions for the gas hydrate deposits occurence in the Black Sea and the prospects for their development

Bondarenko¹,

Sai²,

Petlovanyi³

2019

Journ. Geol., Geogr., and Geoec..

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The actuality has been revealed of the necessity to attract the gas hydrate depos- its of the Black Sea into industrial development as an alternative to traditional gas fields. This should be preceded by the identification and synthesis of geological and thermobaric peculiarities of their existence. It was noted that the gas hydrates formation occurs under certain thermobaric conditions, with the availability of a gas hydrate-forming agent, which is capable of hydrate formation, as well as a sufficient amount of water necessary to start the crystallization process. The gas hydrate accumulation typically does not occur in free space – in sea water, but in the massif of the sea bed rocks. The important role in the process of natural gas hydrates formation is assigned to thermobaric parameters, as well as to the properties and features of the geological environment, in which, actually, the process of hydrate formation and further hydrate accumulation occurs. It was noted that the source of formation and accumulation of the Black Sea gas hydrates is mainly catagenetic (deep) gas, but diagenetic gas also takes part in the process of gas hydrate deposits formation. The main component of natural gas hydrate deposits is methane and its homologs – ethane, propane, isobutane. The analysis has been made of geological and geophysical data and literature materials devoted to the study of the offshore area and the bottom of the Black Sea, as well as to the identification of gas hydrate deposits. It was established that in the offshore area the gas hydrate deposits with a heterogeneous structure dominate, that is, which comprises a certain proportion of aluminosilicate inclusions. It was noted that theBlack Sea bottom sediments, beginning with the depths of 500 – 600 m, are gassy with methane, and a large sea part is favourable for hydrate formation at temperatures of +8...+9oC and pressures from 7 to 20 MPa at different depths. The characteristics of gas hydrate deposits are provided, as well as requirements and aspects with regard to their industrialization and development. It is recommended to use the method of thermal influence on gas hydrate deposits, since, from an ecological point of view, it is the safest method which does not require additional water resources for its implementation, because water intake is carried out directly from the upper sea layers. A new classification of gas hydrate deposits with a heterogeneous structure has been developed, which is based on the content of rocks inclusions in gas hydrate, the classification feature of which is the amount of heat spent on the dissociation process.

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Geophysics of the Black Sea Basin

Cited by 2 publications

References 30 publications

Summer profile of lipophilic toxins in shellfish from the Black Sea, Bulgaria

Summer profile of lipophilic toxins in shellfish from the Black Sea, Bulgaria

Peculiarities of geological and thermobaric conditions for the gas hydrate deposits occurence in the Black Sea and the prospects for their development

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