Geophysical studies of the recent 15-year eruptive cycle at Poás Volcano, Costa Rica

Rymer, Hazel; Cassidy, John F.; Locke, Corinne A.; Barboza, M.V; Barquero, Jorge; Brenes, Jorge; Laat, R. Van der

doi:10.1016/s0377-0273(99)00166-3

Cited by 45 publications

(47 citation statements)

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“…For example, diffuse CO 2 degassing integrated with seismic analysis was used by Werner et al (2014) to highlight the periodic injection of fresh magma underneath Mammoth Mountain. In our case, Turrialba volcano has experienced a reawakening process which has lasted ∼20 years (Martini et al, 2010;de Moor et al, 2016a) and Poás' activity is particularly variable (Fischer et al, 2015;de Moor et al, 2016b) and seems to have stages of enhanced volcanic activity and stages of quiescence that alternate every 6-12 years (Rymer et al, 2000(Rymer et al, , 2005(Rymer et al, , 2009. Diffuse degassing monitoring could thus be an interesting tool for long term monitoring (Allard et al, 1991;Chiodini et al, 1996Chiodini et al, , 1998Chiodini et al, , 2001Giammanco et al, 1998;Hernández et al, 1998Hernández et al, , 2001Melián et al, 2001Melián et al, , 2010Salazar et al, 2001;Shimoike et al, 2002;Hernández Perez et al, 2003;Carapezza and Granieri, 2004;Galindo et al, 2004;Lewicki et al, 2005;Notsu et al, 2006;Werner and Cardellini, 2006;Carapezza et al, 2009;Viveiros et al, 2010;Peltier et al, 2012;Werner et al, 2014).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 63%

“…Martini et al (2010) compiled geophysical and geochemical data between 1996 and 2009, demonstrating the migration of the volcano from a hydrothermal stage to a magmatic stage. Other authors have provided evidence of volcanic cycles of Poás volcano (Rymer et al, 2000(Rymer et al, , 2005(Rymer et al, , 2009). But both volcanoes showed significant recent activity changes with episodes of frequent phreatic eruptions at Poás in 2006, 2011, 2014, and 2016 as reported by the Global Volcanism Program (Global Volcanism Program, 2006, 2011, 2013, 2015b, and the occurrence of phreatomagmatic eruptions at Turrialba volcano in 2010 and 2012 and frequent eruptive episodes since 2014 (Global Volcanism Program, 2010, 2012, 2013, 2015aCampion et al, 2012;de Moor et al, 2016a;Rizzo et al, 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

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Relationship between Diffuse CO2 Degassing and Volcanic Activity. Case Study of the Poás, Irazú, and Turrialba Volcanoes, Costa Rica

et al. 2017

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Active volcanoes exhibit diffuse gas emanations through the ground, the most abundant species of which is CO 2 . However, the relationship between diffuse degassing and volcanic activity is not often clear and some volcanoes may have low diffuse degassing levels despite having strong volcanic activity. The main goals of this study are to quantify diffuse CO 2 degassing and determine whether patterns exist in relation to volcanic activity through the study of Turrialba, Poás, and Irazú, three active volcanoes in Costa Rica which are at different stages of activity. Structural controls of spatial distribution of diffuse degassing were also investigated. Measurement campaigns were conducted using the accumulation chamber method coupled with 10 cm depth ground temperature sampling with the aim of estimating the total diffuse CO 2 degassing budget. The total amount of CO 2 emitted diffusely by each volcano is ∼113 ± 46 t/d over ∼0.705 km 2 for Turrialba, 0.9 ± 0.5 t/d for Poás over ∼0.734 km 2 , 3.8 ± 0.9 t/d over ∼0.049 km 2 for Irazú's main crater, and 15 ± 12 t/d over 0.0059 km 2 for Irazú's north flank. Turrialba and Poás volcano diffuse degassing budget represent about 10% of the whole gas output. Both volcanoes were in a transitional stage and the opening of new conduits may cause a loss in diffuse degassing and an increase of active degassing. Numerous diffuse degassing structures were also identified. At Turrialba, one of which was closely associated with the collapse of a crater wall in 2014 during the initiation of a new period of heightened eruptive activity. Similar structures were also observed on the outer slopes of the west crater, suggesting strong alteration and perhaps destabilization of the upper outer cone. Irazú's north flank is highly permeable and has experienced intense hydrothermal alteration.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 63%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Relationship between Diffuse CO2 Degassing and Volcanic Activity. Case Study of the Poás, Irazú, and Turrialba Volcanoes, Costa Rica

et al. 2017

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“…Krafla is one of the few calderas in the world (others include Askja in Iceland (Rymer and Tryggvason, 1993), Masaya in Nicaragua , Poas in Costa Rica (Rymer et al, 2000) and Campi Flegrei in Italy (Gottsmann et al, 2003)) with a long-term micro-gravity data set. The area has also been studied extensively using a variety of geophysical techniques (Árnadóttir et al, 1998;Sigmundsson et al, 1997;Tryggvason, 1986).…”

Section: Figurementioning

confidence: 99%

Integration of micro-gravity and geodetic data to constrain shallow system mass changes at Krafla Volcano, N Iceland

et al. 2006

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New and previously published micro-gravity data are combined with InSAR data, precise levelling and GPS measurements to produce a model for the processes operating at Krafla volcano, 20 years after its most recent eruption. The data have been divided into two periods: from 1990 to 1995 and from 1996 to 2003 and show that the rate of deflation at Krafla is decaying exponentially. The net micro-gravity change at the centre of the caldera is shown, using the measured Free Air Gradient, to be -85 µGal for the first and -100 µGal for the second period. After consideration of the effects of water extraction by the geothermal power station within the caldera, the net gravity decreases are -73 ± 17 µGal for the first and -65 ± 17 µGal for the second period. These decreases are interpreted in terms of magma drainage. Following a Mogi point source model we calculate the mass decrease to be ~2 x 10 10 kg/yr reflecting a drainage rate of ~0.23 m 3 /s, similar to the ~0.13 m 3 /s drainage rate previously found at Askja volcano, N-Iceland. Based on the evidence for deeper magma reservoirs and the similarity between the two volcanic systems, we suggest a pressure-link between Askja and Krafla at deeper levels (at the lower crust or the crust-mantle boundary). After the Krafla fires, co-rifting pressure decrease of a deep source at Krafla stimulated the subsequent inflow of magma, eventually affecting conditions along the plate boundary in N-Iceland, as far away as Askja. We anticipate that the pressure of the deeper reservoir at Krafla will reach a critical value and eventually magma will rise from there to the shallow magma chamber, possibly initiating a new rifting episode. We have demonstrated that by examining micro-gravity and geodetic data, our knowledge of active volcanic systems can be significantly improved.

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“…), localizado al suroeste del cráter activo. Presenta una laguna fría de origen netamente pluvial de unos 400 m de diámetro y de 15 m de profundidad en su centro (Rymer et al, 2000).…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Emisión difusa de hidrógeno en el Volcán Poás, Costa Rica

Melián

Galindo

Pérez

et al. 2011

Rev. Geol. Amér. Central

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ABSTRACT:We report the results of the study of diffuse H 2 emission from Poás volcano, Costa Rica. Three surveys were carried out in 2000, 2001 and 2002, to investigate soil H 2 distribution in and around Poás summit crater and to evaluate diffuse H 2 emission as a potential geochemical tool for the Poás volcano monitoring program. Soil H 2 contents showed a wide range of concentrations from 0.4 to 7,059 ppmV. Most of the study area showed low levels of H 2 in the soil atmosphere, and the highest values of soil gas H 2 were just observed inside the summit crater of Poás volcano for the 2001 and 2002 surveys. These surface geochemical changes coincide with an increase of the fumarolic activity as well as soil temperature rose inside the crater during this study. The results here reported suggest changes in the Poás volcanic-hydrothermal system, therefore monitoring diffuse H 2 emission could be useful for the volcanic surveillance of Poás volcano.Keywords: Poás volcano, hydrogen, diffuse emission, volcano surveillance, main crater, fumaroles, volcanichydrothermal system. RESUMEN:Se presentan los resultados obtenidos del estudio de las emanaciones difusas de H 2 en el volcán Poás, Costa Rica. Este estudio ha implicado la realización de tres campañas en los años 2000, 2001 y 2002, con la finalidad de investigar la distribución espacial de la concentración de H 2 en el gas del suelo y evaluar la desgasificación difusa de esta especie como una herramienta geoquímica para el programa de vigilancia volcánica del Poás. Las concentraciones de H 2 en el gas del suelo medidas presentan un amplio rango de valores que van desde 0,4 a 7059 ppmV. La mayor parte del área de estudio reflejó contenidos relativamente bajos de H 2 en el gas del suelo, mientras que las concentraciones más altas se midieron en el interior del cráter principal durante los años 2001 y 2002. Desde la campaña del 2001 se ha observado un aumento relativo del contenido de H 2 en el gas del suelo del interior del cráter principal, coincidiendo en el tiempo con un incremento de la actividad fumarólica y de la temperatura en los suelos. Estos resultados pueden indicar la existencia de cambios en el sistema volcánico-hidrotermal del Poás, por lo que el monitoreo de las emanaciones difusas de H 2 podría ser útil para mejorar el programa de vigilancia volcánica.Palabras clave: Volcán Poás, hidrógeno, emisión difusa, vigilancia volcánica, cráter principal, fumarolas, sistema volcánico-hidrotermal.

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Geophysical studies of the recent 15-year eruptive cycle at Poás Volcano, Costa Rica

Cited by 45 publications

References 24 publications

Relationship between Diffuse CO2 Degassing and Volcanic Activity. Case Study of the Poás, Irazú, and Turrialba Volcanoes, Costa Rica

Relationship between Diffuse CO2 Degassing and Volcanic Activity. Case Study of the Poás, Irazú, and Turrialba Volcanoes, Costa Rica

Integration of micro-gravity and geodetic data to constrain shallow system mass changes at Krafla Volcano, N Iceland

Emisión difusa de hidrógeno en el Volcán Poás, Costa Rica

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