Geophysical insights and early spreading history in the vicinity of the Jan Mayen Fracture Zone, Norwegian–Greenland Sea

Gernigon, Laurent; Olesen, Odleiv; Ebbing, Jörg; Wienecke, Susann; Gaina, Carmen; Mogaard, J.O.; Sand, M.; Myklebust, R.

doi:10.1016/j.tecto.2008.04.025

Cited by 58 publications

(78 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…14). The results are also within this ridge segment consistent with dikes intruded along the ridge, supporting the leaky transform hypothesis described by Gernigon et al (2009) and Kandilarov et al (2012). The largest anisotropy is inferred from the hodograms of PSS waves propagating in the upper crust.…”

Section: Hodogram Analysissupporting

confidence: 84%

“…This pattern of anisotropy is most readily interpreted as dikes intruded along the ridge, supporting the leaky transform hypothesis (e.g. Gernigon et al, 2009). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

“…Sampling of 32e24 Ma lavas, gabbros and volcano-clastic sediments along the southern slope of the West Jan Mayen Fracture Zone (WJMFZ) has confirmed that the northernmost Jan Mayen Ridge formed within an area of Oligocene magmatism (Pedersen et al, 2010). Gernigon et al (2009) and Kandilarov et al (2012) attribute the anomalous magmatism to a discrete leaky transform developing along the Jan Mayen Fracture Zone, following the 33 Ma change in plate motions. Note that the COB follows the trend of the East Jan Mayen Fracture Zone (EJMFZ), supporting this interpretation.…”

Section: The P-wave Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vp/Vs-ratios and anisotropy on the northern Jan Mayen Ridge, North Atlantic, determined from ocean bottom seismic data

et al. 2015

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a b s t r a c tIn order to gain insight into the lithology and crustal evolution of the northern Jan Mayen Ridge, North Atlantic, the horizontal components of an Ocean Bottom Seismometer (OBS) dataset were analyzed with regard to Vp/Vs-modeling and seismic anisotropy. The modeling suggests that the northernmost part of the ridge consists of Icelandic type oceanic crust, bordered to the north by anomalously thick oceanic crust formed at the Mohns spreading ridge. The modeled Vp/Vs-ratios suggest variations in gabbroic composition and present-day temperatures in the area. Anisotropy analysis reveals a fast S-wave component along the Jan Mayen Ridge. This pattern of anisotropy is most readily interpreted as dikes intruded along the ridge, suggesting that the magmatism can be related to the development of a leaky transform since Early Oligocene.

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Section: Hodogram Analysissupporting

confidence: 84%

“…This pattern of anisotropy is most readily interpreted as dikes intruded along the ridge, supporting the leaky transform hypothesis (e.g. Gernigon et al, 2009). …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 66%

Section: The P-wave Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Vp/Vs-ratios and anisotropy on the northern Jan Mayen Ridge, North Atlantic, determined from ocean bottom seismic data

et al. 2015

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“…the Jan Mayen Fracture Zone, or the Senja Fracture Zone in the Norwegian-Greenland seas (e.g. Skogseid and Eldholm, 1987;Gernigon et al, 2009), to distributed, discontinuous continental-style accommodation zones along the Møre-Faroes-Rockall portion of the margin.…”

Section: Rift-zone-parallel Extension Associated With Normal Fault Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…More recent scaled-analogue modelling of ridgetransform fault configurations also suggests that fault style and scaling is a function of strain rate and crustal thickness, with a relatively thick lithosphere producing oblique zones of rifting and a relatively thin lithosphere resulting in the development of transform faults that link the offset accreting segments (Gerya, 2012(Gerya, , 2013. With estimated crustal thicknesses in the NE Atlantic varying from ∼ 3-10 km in the Norwegian-Greenland seas to ∼ 10-35 km in the Rockall Basin and the Greenland-Iceland-Faroes Ridge (Smallwood and White, 2002;Gernigon et al, 2009), variations in axis-parallel segmentation patterns are to be expected (e.g. Hayward and Ebinger, 1996).…”

Section: Rift-zone-parallel Extension Associated With Normal Fault Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

Extension parallel to the rift zone during segmented fault growth: application to the evolution of the NE Atlantic

et al. 2017

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Abstract. The mechanical interaction of propagating normal faults is known to influence the linkage geometry of firstorder faults, and the development of second-order faults and fractures, which transfer displacement within relay zones. Here we use natural examples of growth faults from two active volcanic rift zones (Koa'e, island of Hawai'i, and Krafla, northern Iceland) to illustrate the importance of horizontalplane extension (heave) gradients, and associated vertical axis rotations, in evolving continental rift systems. Secondorder extension and extensional-shear faults within the relay zones variably resolve components of regional extension, and components of extension and/or shortening parallel to the rift zone, to accommodate the inherently three-dimensional (3-D) strains associated with relay zone development and rotation. Such a configuration involves volume increase, which is accommodated at the surface by open fractures; in the subsurface this may be accommodated by veins or dikes oriented obliquely and normal to the rift axis. To consider the scalability of the effects of relay zone rotations, we compare the geometry and kinematics of fault and fracture sets in the Koa'e and Krafla rift zones with data from exhumed contemporaneous fault and dike systems developed within a > 5 × 10 4 km 2 relay system that developed during formation of the NE Atlantic margins. Based on the findings presented here we propose a new conceptual model for the evolution of segmented continental rift basins on the NE Atlantic margins.

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Magmatic development of the outer Vøring margin from seismic data

et al. 2014

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The Vøring Plateau off mid‐Norway is a volcanic passive margin, located north of the East Jan Mayen Fracture Zone (EJMFZ). Large volumes of magmatic rocks were emplaced during Early Eocene margin formation. In 2003, an ocean bottom seismometer survey was acquired over the margin. One profile crosses from the Vøring Plateau to the Vøring Spur, a bathymetric high north of the EJMFZ. The P wave data were ray traced into a 2‐D crustal velocity model. The velocity structure of the Vøring Spur indicates up to 15 km igneous crustal thickness. Magmatic processes can be estimated by comparing seismic velocity (VP) with igneous thickness (H). This and two other profiles show a positive H‐VP correlation at the Vøring Plateau, consistent with elevated mantle temperature at breakup. However, during the first 2 Ma magma production was augmented by a secondary process, possibly small‐scale convection. From ∼51.5 Ma excess melting may be caused by elevated mantle temperature alone. Seismic stratigraphy around the Vøring Spur shows that it was created by at least two uplift events, with the main episode close to the Miocene/Pliocene boundary. Low H‐VP correlation of the spur is consistent with renewed igneous growth by constant, moderate‐degree mantle melting, not related to the breakup magmatism. The admittance function between bathymetry and free‐air gravity shows that the high is near local isostatic equilibrium, precluding that compressional flexure at the EJMFZ uplifted the high. We find a proposed Eocene triple junction model for the margin to be inconsistent with observations.

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Geophysical insights and early spreading history in the vicinity of the Jan Mayen Fracture Zone, Norwegian–Greenland Sea

Cited by 58 publications

References 65 publications

Vp/Vs-ratios and anisotropy on the northern Jan Mayen Ridge, North Atlantic, determined from ocean bottom seismic data

Vp/Vs-ratios and anisotropy on the northern Jan Mayen Ridge, North Atlantic, determined from ocean bottom seismic data

Extension parallel to the rift zone during segmented fault growth: application to the evolution of the NE Atlantic

Magmatic development of the outer Vøring margin from seismic data

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