Geomorphology, sedimentology and minimum exposure ages of streamlined subglacial landforms in the <scp>NW</scp> Himalaya, India

Saha, Sourav; Sharma, Milap Chand; Murari, Madhav K.; Owen, Lewis A.; Caffee, Marc W.

doi:10.1111/bor.12153

Cited by 36 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 66 publications

(121 reference statements)

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“…However, the exposure age dating of this moraine by Saha et al . () yielded an age of ∼79–52 ka, and a stratigraphically equivalent moraine a few kilometres upstream (samples ZK66 and ZK69 of Saha et al ., ) is dated to 16.7 ± 2.1 and 14.8 ± 1.8 ka. Although we have no definitive answer to the older exposure age obtained by Saha et al .…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…Although we have no definitive answer to the older exposure age obtained by Saha et al . (), it could be due to inheritance of exposure of the boulders before the glaciation (Heyman et al ., ). The ELA during the SGS‐2 glaciation was lowered by ∼284 m and the temperature declined by ∼2.1 °C from the present values (Table ).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

“…Major geomorphic landforms draped over Google images as identified in the field and modified after Saha et al . (). (a) The area south‐west of the Yunam catchment (Sarchu Plain) showing a high concentration of drumlins/conical hills above the outwash gravel terraces.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…More recently, Saha et al . () dated moraines and drumlins in the Yunam catchment (Sarchu Plain) and identified glaciation phases corresponding to the Last Glacial, Oldest Dryas/Lateglacial, early Holocene and the Little Ice Age.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Factors responsible for driving the glaciation in the Sarchu Plain, eastern Zanskar Himalaya, during the late Quaternary

Sharma

Chand

Bisht

et al. 2016

J Quaternary Science

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Detailed geomorphological investigation supported by field stratigraphy and optical dating enabled us to identify three major events of glaciation in the eastern Zanskar Himalaya (Sarchu Plain). The oldest and most extensive glaciation is the Sarchu Glaciation Stage‐1 (SGS‐1) that pre‐dates the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and is assigned to the cold and wet Marine Isotope Stage‐4 (MIS‐4). The second glacial advance (SGS‐2) is optically dated to ∼20 ka and the youngest SGS‐3 is assigned to the 8.2 ka cooling event. Evidence of deglaciation is preserved as outwash terrace gravels and is assigned to the pluvial MIS‐3 and the early Holocene (∼9 ka). Increased strength of westerlies (winter precipitation) and associated temperature decline were responsible for driving the glaciation in the study area, a conclusion that accords well with modern meteorological data showing a reasonable correlation between the modern equilibrium line altitude, enhanced mid‐latitude westerlies (winter precipitation) and winter temperatures. The phases of deglaciation occurred during periods of warmer climatic excursions. Overall a broad correspondence between the Sarchu Plain glaciation phases and northern latitude ice sheet dynamics is suggested, implying that the glaciers in the trajectory of the mid‐latitude westerlies are likely to respond in phase with northern latitude glaciation.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 94%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Factors responsible for driving the glaciation in the Sarchu Plain, eastern Zanskar Himalaya, during the late Quaternary

Sharma

Chand

Bisht

et al. 2016

J Quaternary Science

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“…In recent studies, Saha et al (2016) discussed the genesis of streamlined landforms in Yunma and Chandra valley and dated these landforms to ~8-7 ka, which is evidence of an early Holocene valley glaciation. In addition, they also reported glacial advances during ~17-15 and ~79-52 ka in the middle Yunam valley.…”

Section: Semi-arid Western Himalayan Regionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Studies on Quaternary Glaciations in India During 2010-2016

Sharma

Chand²

2016

Proceedings of the Indian National Science Academy

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In the recent years, number of studies were carried out to define the timing and extent of Quaternary glaciation throughout the Himalayan region. Such studies have helped to understand the past climate changes and further develop predictive futuristic models. There have been 22 research studies that were carried out during the past six years (2010)(2011)(2012)(2013)(2014)(2015)(2016) with equal contribution from Indian researcher and their international counterparts in terms of research output. Most of these studies have focused on the north-western Himalaya, with only a few studies being carried out in the eastern part. Recently published new glacial succession chronology (Terrestrial Cosmogenic Nuclide ( 10 Be TCN), Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL), Electron Spin Resonance (ESR) and Radiocarbon ( 14 C)) in these studies provide a synoptic picture of glacial episode for most the Himalayan regions. Major glacial advances occurred during the Last glacial stage and early Holocene, with minor fluctuations during the mid-Holocene. However, recent study suggests contrary to the earlier suggestions that a reasonably large valley glacier expansion occurred during the global Last Glacial Maxmium (LGM), likely in response to global variations in temperature. Keywords IntroductionThe Himalayan region altered large-scale climate systems including the Asian monsoon and considerably influenced the regional and global atmospheric circulation that may have played a key role in the onset of Quaternary glaciation (Molnar and England, 1990;Ruddiman and Kutzbach, 1991;Prell and Kutzbach, 1992;Raymo and Ruddiman, 1992;Benn and Owen, 1998;Owen et al., 2002). Information on the geographic extent and magnitude of Quaternary glaciations in this largest glaciated area outside the polar region is important for understanding the climatic, erosional, and tectonic evolution of this giant orogenic system (Brozovic et al., 1997;Zeitler et al., 2001;Norton et al., 2010;Willett, 2010). Practically in the context of contemporary global warming, climate variability, and associated societal impacts and for a better assessment of regional and global forcing factors for future glacier behavior, it is important to characterize and quantify past glacial changes (Owen, 2009;Scherler, 2010).There is a growing number of chronologic data and studies in recent years, yet there is no general consensus concerning the timing, extent, and climatic forcing of glaciations in the Himalayan region (Gillespie and Molnar, 1995;Owen et al., 2008;Scherler et al., 2010;Owen and Dortch, 2014). This region is fed by two dominant climate systems viz. the Indian summer monsoon (ISM) and the mid-latitude westerlies. The influence of these weather systems varies spatially so much that most of the southern and eastern part of the Himalaya experiences a pronounced summer precipitation which sharply declines northward across the Himalaya. The mid-latitude westerlies are responsible for a winter precipitation maximum at the extreme west of the Himalaya, Trans-Himalaya an...

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Rapid Last Glacial Maximum deglaciation in the Indian Himalaya coeval with midlatitude glaciers: New insights from ¹⁰Be‐dating of ice‐polished bedrock surfaces in the Chandra Valley, NW Himalaya

Eugster

Scherler

Thiede

et al. 2016

Geophysical Research Letters

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Despite a large number of dated glacial landforms in the Himalaya, the ice extent during the global Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) from 19 to 23 ka is only known to first order. New cosmogenic 10Be exposure ages from well‐preserved glacially polished surfaces, combined with published data, and an improved production rate scaling model allow reconstruction of the LGM ice extent and subsequent deglaciation in the Chandra Valley of NW India. We show that a >1000 m thick valley glacier retreated >150 km within a few thousand years after the onset of LGM deglaciation. By comparing the recession of the Chandra Valley Glacier and other Himalayan glaciers with those of Northern and Southern Hemisphere glaciers, we demonstrate that post‐LGM deglaciation was similar and nearly finished prior to the Bølling/Allerød interstadial. Our study supports the view that many Himalayan glaciers advanced during the LGM, likely in response to global variations in temperature.

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Geomorphology, sedimentology and minimum exposure ages of streamlined subglacial landforms in the NW Himalaya, India

Abstract: Caffee, M. W. 2016 (April): Geomorphology, sedimentology and minimum exposure ages of streamlined subglacial landforms in the NW Himalaya, India.

Cited by 36 publications

References 66 publications

Factors responsible for driving the glaciation in the Sarchu Plain, eastern Zanskar Himalaya, during the late Quaternary

Factors responsible for driving the glaciation in the Sarchu Plain, eastern Zanskar Himalaya, during the late Quaternary

Studies on Quaternary Glaciations in India During 2010-2016

Rapid Last Glacial Maximum deglaciation in the Indian Himalaya coeval with midlatitude glaciers: New insights from ¹⁰Be‐dating of ice‐polished bedrock surfaces in the Chandra Valley, NW Himalaya

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Geomorphology, sedimentology and minimum exposure ages of streamlined subglacial landforms in the NW Himalaya, India

Abstract: Caffee, M. W. 2016 (April): Geomorphology, sedimentology and minimum exposure ages of streamlined subglacial landforms in the NW Himalaya, India.

Cited by 36 publications

References 66 publications

Factors responsible for driving the glaciation in the Sarchu Plain, eastern Zanskar Himalaya, during the late Quaternary

Factors responsible for driving the glaciation in the Sarchu Plain, eastern Zanskar Himalaya, during the late Quaternary

Studies on Quaternary Glaciations in India During 2010-2016

Rapid Last Glacial Maximum deglaciation in the Indian Himalaya coeval with midlatitude glaciers: New insights from 10Be‐dating of ice‐polished bedrock surfaces in the Chandra Valley, NW Himalaya

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Product

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About

Rapid Last Glacial Maximum deglaciation in the Indian Himalaya coeval with midlatitude glaciers: New insights from ¹⁰Be‐dating of ice‐polished bedrock surfaces in the Chandra Valley, NW Himalaya