Geomorphology and Mineralogy of the Top Meter Black Sands North West of El-Burbllus Lake, Kafr Al-Sheikh Governorate,egypt.

Abstract

Geomorphologically, the study area comprises three geomorphic units, the foreshore zone, the backshore flat and coastal sebkhas. El-Sahel (coastal) drain runs parallel to the shoreline. The coastal plain of study area is divided to northern and southern sectors; each sector covers an area of about 10Km2. The northern sector is characterized by relatively highly concentrated black sand especially the near shore area due to marine erosion and the southern sector is characterized by diluted homogenous sediments compared with the northern one.Along the shoreline of the study area, erosion and accretion phenomena are indicated by alternations of highly concentrated and low concentrated sediments, distribution of flaky, discoidal, spherical stones and mud balls. The north-western part of the northern coastal plain sector of the study area is characterized by the highly concentrated black sands extends from the fifth groin eastward about 2.5 Km. These deposits are affected greatly by a wave cut along the shore line. Rate of shoreline retreat along Abu-Khashabah beach in front of El-Matlaa Medak (road) was 43.66 m/y in the time interval between 2003 and 2012.The coastal plain of study area was covered by a total 561 collected samples at one meter depth from the surface were collected within a grid pattern 200m×200m nearly parallel and perpendicular to the shoreline. The northern sector of coastal plain area is covered by 255 samples, whereas the southern sector covered by 306 samples. Naturally highly concentrated black sands are deposited in a thin mantle near and parallel to the shoreline of the northern coastal plain sector. The highly concentrated black sands were scraped from the mantle to a depth of about 30 cm.Separation of economic heavy minerals Concentrates using physical ore dressing technique is considered closer to reality; cheap and safe method than the heavy fluid technique.The average content (Av. cont.) and reserve tonnage for each economic mineral in the studied sectors are: magnetite has an average content 11.61% with a reserve 296055 ton, ilmenite has an average content 33.74% with a reserve 860370 ton, garnet has an average content 2.88% with a reserve 73440 ton, leucoxene has an average content 2.58% with a reserve 65790 ton, zircon has an average content 4.11% with a reserve 104805 ton, rutile has an average content 1.26% with a reserve 3210 ton and monazite has an average content 0.05% with a reserve 1275 ton with a total average of economic minerals 56.23% and reserve of 1433865 tons.

Environmental and mineralogical studies on the stream sediments of Baltim–El Burullus coastal plain, North Delta, Egypt

“…Sands with grades suitable for exploitation occur in the beach of Rosetta, Damietta, Baltim–El Burullus and north Sinai at El Arish 9 – 11 . The grade and reserves of the economic heavy minerals in the Egyptian black sands are appreciably high compared to other similar major world occurrences 12 , 13 . The mineralogy of the Egyptian black sands was studied previously by many workers.…”

Preparation of insoluble zirconate from Egyptian zircon via alkali fusion process to enhancement Al alloy performance

“…In Egypt, widespread placer deposits of black sand are intermittently distributed along the northern coast. These deposits contain huge reserves of the six common economically important heavy minerals; zircon, ilmenite, rutile, monazite, magnetite, and garnet [5][6][7][8]. Zircon is a non-magnetic, nonconducting material so, it can be easily concentrated by means of gravity, magnetic and electrical separation.…”

Risk assessment of radioactive hazards associated with black sand upgrading processes

“…The concentration steps split the whole deposit into several economic minerals; such as ilmenite, magnetite, rutile, zircon, garnet, and monazite (Alam et al 1999). As an example, El-Burbllus black sand processing flowsheet was among different suggested concentration flowsheets (El-Afandy et al 2016). These minerals are rich in appreciable concentrations of economic minerals along with some radioactive elements in concentrations higher than the ordinary global level, nevertheless, they do not necessarily have the same radiological indices or even exceed the permissible radiation limits (El-Kammar et al 2011; Abdel-Karim et al 2016).…”