Geomorphic evolution of the Piton des Neiges volcano (Réunion Island, Indian Ocean): Competition between volcanic construction and erosion since 1.4Ma

Salvany, T.; Lahitte, Pierre; Nativel, Pierre; Gillot, Pierre‐Yves

doi:10.1016/j.geomorph.2011.06.009

Cited by 60 publications

(49 citation statements)

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“…As suggested by Clouard et al [], flank collapses contribute to relief destruction with large but infrequent events, whereas erosional landslides are small but recurrent, which, over long periods of time, can remobilize as much volume as large failures. Our volume calculations emphasize that mechanical erosion participates in the geomorphologic evolution of volcanic islands with a magnitude similar to flank collapses, as already observed at Reunion Island [ Salvany et al , ]. More specific studies focusing on the estimation of long‐term erosion rate should be completed in order to better quantify this process.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Construction and destruction of Mont Pelée volcano: Volumes and rates constrained from a geomorphological model of evolution

2015

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This study presents long-term volumes and construction rates for the Mont Conil-Mont Pelée volcano and rate estimates at which volcanic activity creates relief. An algorithm, ShapeVolc, is used to numerically model topographic surfaces. Volcano morphology is analyzed using current digital elevation model in combination with mapped geology to produce 10 paleotopographies at the end of four constructional stages and three destructional events. , and 3.5 km 3 , thus about 37% of the total constructed volume. Integrated over the volcano's lifetime, the rate at which flank collapses removed material off the island is 0.15 km 3 /kyr. In contrast, long-term erosion rates outside collapsed areas are estimated at about 0.05 ± 0.7 km 3 /kyr, or~11 km 3 of material removed. This latter rate is not negligible, which strengthens the importance of taking into account recurrent small erosional events on the geomorphological evolution of a volcanic island in a tropical context.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 57%

Construction and destruction of Mont Pelée volcano: Volumes and rates constrained from a geomorphological model of evolution

2015

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“…Our original morphometric approach allows the reconstruction of most of Quaternary age old surfaces on arc volcanoes as well as on basaltic shield volcanoes (e.g. Salvany et al, 2011). Because uppermost volcanic stage surfaces resulted from different settings and periods of construction and/or denudation, our aim was to define for each of them the optimal parameters that best model these surfaces.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

DEM-based reconstruction of southern Basse-Terre volcanoes (Guadeloupe archipelago, FWI): Contribution to the Lesser Antilles Arc construction rates and magma production

2012

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“…Piton des Neiges is incised by three cirques (subcircular depressions): Salazie to the north, Mafate to the northwest, and Cilaos to the south. These depressions have been alternatively interpreted as scars of large destabilizations during the shield‐building stage [ Bret et al ., ; Oehler et al ., , ], as “leaf grabens” caused by gravitational spreading [ Oehler et al ., ; Byrne et al ., ], as due to the subsidence of a hypovolcanic complex [ Gailler and Lénat , ], or as purely regressive erosional structures [ Salvany et al ., ]. These cirques provide an exceptional opportunity to access the inner structure of the basaltic edifice.…”

Section: Geological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deformation of basaltic shield volcanoes under cointrusive stress permutations

2014

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We performed a microstructural study of Piton des Neiges (La Réunion Island) to understand how intrusions and stresses control each other in basaltic volcanoes. Our study reveals that three perpendicular intrusions trends coexisted during the 2 Myr history of the volcano: a N120-140°E rift zone, a perpendicular dike trend, and swarms of subhorizontal intrusions hereafter called "sill zones". Independently, the inversion of fault-slip data shows that incompatible paleostress fields recurrently occurred along with the intrusions: a dominant NNE-SSW extension, a perpendicular extension, and strike-slip or compressional regimes. The orientations of paleostresses are consistent with the orientations of the three perpendicular intrusion populations. We propose that stress accumulation in the edifice under the effect of repeated magma injections resulted in permutations of the principal axes of the stress tensor, causing a reorientation of subsequent intrusions. Stress permutations were cyclical. Each cycle started with dike injections in an extensional stress field, reducing the deviatoric stress and switching the axes of principal stresses, and finished with sill intrusions in a compressional stress field. Sill zones acted as detachment planes, restoring the extensional stress field and initiating a new cycle of permutations. Our model of stress permutations is in agreement with the pattern of eruptions and deformation observed at Piton de la Fournaise. In contrast with the Hawaiian model of spreading on a décollement, stress permutations in La Réunion's volcanoes imply that the basal deformation of the edifices, if any, is not sufficient to compensate the reduction of deviatoric stress caused by intrusions.

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Geomorphic evolution of the Piton des Neiges volcano (Réunion Island, Indian Ocean): Competition between volcanic construction and erosion since 1.4Ma

Cited by 60 publications

References 50 publications

Construction and destruction of Mont Pelée volcano: Volumes and rates constrained from a geomorphological model of evolution

Construction and destruction of Mont Pelée volcano: Volumes and rates constrained from a geomorphological model of evolution

DEM-based reconstruction of southern Basse-Terre volcanoes (Guadeloupe archipelago, FWI): Contribution to the Lesser Antilles Arc construction rates and magma production

Deformation of basaltic shield volcanoes under cointrusive stress permutations

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