“…Thus, FGMs have received wide applications in modern industries including aerospace, mechanical, electronics, optics, chemical, biomedical, nuclear, and civil engineering to name a few during the past two decades. Motivated by these engineering applications, FGMs have also attracted intensive research interests, which were mainly focused on their static, dynamic and vibration characteristics of FG structures [11,12]. Since functionally graded structures are most commonly used in high temperature environment, in the last decade, beams and plates made of FGMs have found wide applications as structural elements in modern industries such as aeronautics/astronautics manufacturing industry, mechanical engineering and engine combustion chamber, nuclear engineering and reactors.…”