Geometric Distribution-Based Readers Scheduling Optimization Algorithm Using Artificial Immune System

Abstract

In the multiple-reader environment (MRE) of radio frequency identification (RFID) system, multiple readers are often scheduled to interrogate the randomized tags via operating at different time slots or frequency channels to decrease the signal interferences. Based on this, a Geometric Distribution-based Multiple-reader Scheduling Optimization Algorithm using Artificial Immune System (GD-MRSOA-AIS) is proposed to fairly and optimally schedule the readers operating from the viewpoint of resource allocations. GD-MRSOA-AIS is composed of two parts, where a geometric distribution function combined with the fairness consideration is first introduced to generate the feasible scheduling schemes for reader operation. After that, artificial immune system (including immune clone, immune mutation and immune suppression) quickly optimize these feasible ones as the optimal scheduling scheme to ensure that readers are fairly operating with larger effective interrogation range and lower interferences. Compared with the state-of-the-art algorithm, the simulation results indicate that GD-MRSOA-AIS could efficiently schedules the multiple readers operating with a fairer resource allocation scheme, performing in larger effective interrogation range.

A Survey of RFID Readers Anticollision Protocols

“…6) Geometric Distribution-based Multiple Readers Scheduling Optimization Algorithm using Artificial Immune System (GD-MRSOA-AIS): As the name implies, in [18], readers use a geometric distribution, Sift [28], in order to decrease the number of contending neighbors on lower timeslots. On top of that, an artificial immune system optimization is introduced in order to improve the scheduling scheme.…”

“…Based on our observations, distributed TDMA-based algorithms are all-around less profitable than the others. This can be explained by their unawareness of the [29] CORA [17] GD-MRSOA-AIS [18] DCNS [22] GDRA [27] DCS [20] NFRA [25] DEFAR [23] NFRA++ [26] PDCS [21] CASE [30] MALICO [24] CSMA HiQ [13] APR [31] DiMCA [32] EDMC [33] HAMAC [19] LBT [16] Pulse [15] EMRCA [34] TABLE II: Reader anticollision protocols system configuration which can be very random in dense and mobile environments. Basing the readers activity on a local information at a given time is insufficient to have a proper working solution.…”

“…CORA [17] if the application is collision sensitive but not delay sensitive (harbor dock loading and unloading, etc.) GD-MRSOA-AIS [18] is the best trade-off.…”