“…Gourbin and Celestin (
2023b) showed that the electron saturation density caused by self‐consistent effects occurs when the density is high enough so that the associated relaxation time is equaling the RREA characteristic growth time:
where q e is the electron charge, μ e is the electron mobility, and ν RREA is the runaway electron production frequency. Figure 2 clearly shows that the quenching of the electric field is indeed rapidly observed for n e > 10 14 m −3 .…”