“…In "Toward a Photographic Rhetoric of Nineteenth-Century Scientific and Technical Texts" (1996) [56], Wickliff reads the photographs of various scientific texts from 19th-century America and Britain and evaluates them culturally and rhetorically to determine their truth claims. Finally, in "Geography, Photography, and Environmental Rhetoric in the American West of 1860-1890 (1997) [57], Wickliff examines the various complex rhetorical strategies used in 19th-century government surveys of this region to impose colonizing metaphors upon it and its resources. The photographs are read not as artistic productions but as expressions of ideological and political forces of the time.…”