Geology of the Arabian Peninsula; southwestern Iraq

Naqib, K. M. Al

doi:10.3133/pp560g

Cited by 77 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 6 publications

(17 reference statements)

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“…The Shatt Al Arab drains the Mesopotamian Plain as it enters the Persian Gulf. A large lake located just north of the area and west of the city of Basrah, the Hor Al Hammar, has been drained during recent decades by irrigation canals to the north in Iraq (Parsons 1957;Al Naqib 1967). The large inland marsh and lake was directly upstream from the study area.…”

Section: Site Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Partially saturated soil causing significant variability in near surface seismic signals

Taylor

McKenna

Kelley

et al. 2013

Near Surface Geophysics

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The behaviour of dry, moist, and saturated soils has been studied for over a century without ade quately investigating the behaviour associated with transient saturation in the near surface, i.e. the upper 1 m of overburden, including the effects of rapid meteorological changes, dynamic fluid flow, and variability of saturation on shallow seismic sensors. This paper presents observational data wherein the geophysical instrumentation response was significantly influenced by near‐surface post‐precipitation saturation and additional laboratory experimentation on the effects of satu ration on shear wave velocity. The lack of partially‐saturated data is primarily because transient meteorological events have not been critically important to the types of long‐term deployments performed in the past, where sensors were situated in hard‐rock, collecting data under idealized conditions, as opposed to sedimentary settings. Shorter‐duration deployments and smaller system architectures, e.g. persistent monitoring, now necessitate detailed a priori knowledge of meteoro logical impacts to system design and performance. The purpose of this persistent monitoring geophysical instrumentation is to continually monitor the near surface and relate small perturbations to a specific source type(s) and distance(s) from the receiver. As such, the received signal is compared to known sources within a predetermined geo logical/meteorological condition. Presented herein is the calibration signal generated by a 3.63‐kg (8‐lb) sledgehammer prior to and post 36 hours of steady precipitation. The resulting subsurface seismic velocity time‐histories show a significant increase in signal amplitude, change in fre quency content and no change in duration. Thus, the amplification effects of near‐surface moisture variability combined with dynamic pore fluid could be interpreted as false positives of a specific source signature and/or instrument failure.

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Section: Site Geologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Partially saturated soil causing significant variability in near surface seismic signals

Taylor

McKenna

Kelley

et al. 2013

Near Surface Geophysics

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“…The presence of Miocene marine sediments in the Lake Van region and in the neighbouring areas of Turkey and Iran (AL NAQIB, 1967;RICOU, 1976) is a consequence of an important marine ingression connecting the Mediterranean basin with the Indian Ocean and following the Eo-Oligocene emersion of the region. Along the Zilan Valley, north of the village of Ercis, a Late Burdigalian sequence very rich in foraminifera, with lenses of breccias and silty shaly sandstones in the upper part, is well developed.…”

Section: Geological and Volcanological Settingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geology of the volcanic area north of Lake Van (Turkey)

et al. 1980

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With 15 figures, 8 tables and 1 map Zusammen[assungZwei vulkanische Zyklen lassen sich in den jungen Vulkaniten des Van-See in der NE-Tiirkei erkennen. Der erste Zyklus beginnt im Serravallium und hat Kalkalkali-Vulkanite erbracht, wobei hohe K-Typen iiberwiegen. Vet 5--6 Milliouen Jahren war diese Phase mit ausgedehnten Ignimbrit-Deeken zu Ende gegangen. Der zweite Zyldus zeigt vorwiegend Spaltenergiisse mit Na-Alkali-Vulkaniten (ne-normativ und hy-normativ), die bis heute anhalten.W~ihrend dieser Periode zeigen die Magmen neben der Alkalivormacht auch einen tdbergang zu Tholeiiten.Variationen im Vulkanismus und im mineralogischen Charakter laufen gleichzeitig mit der geotektonischen Evolution des Gebietes. Die Entwicklung wird dutch zwei tektonische Phasen markiert: im Eoz~in und an der Wende Miozan zu Plioz~n. Diese tektonischen Beanspruchungen laufen parallel mit dem Vulkanismus.Diese bedentenden Zeitabschnitte, die in der Tektonik und im Vulkanismus dokumentiert sind, hangen mit der komplexen geotektonischen Geschichte des tiirkisch-iranischen Blocks und der Arabischen Platte zusammen.Alkali-Magmen, sowie subalkalische Produkte und der iibers~ttigte Charakter des quartaren Vulkanismus kSnnen auf ein wechselndes StreBfeld der Erdkruste sowie auf den Wechsel der physikalisch-chemischen Bedingungen im Mantel zurtiekgefiihrt werden.Es sell jedoch besonders gezeigt werden, dab die starre Anwendung der Modelle auf die Entwicklung des Vulkanismus und der Tektonik in diesem Gebiet zu keinen befriedigenden Ergebnissen ffihrt. AbstractAccording to the collected Data, two volcanic cycles were stipulated. The first cycle begins during SerravaUian and consists of products with calc-alkaline affinity, among which high K-type prevails. It came to an end between 5 and 6 m. y. with largely extended ignimbrite covers. Following this, a second cycle characterised by mainly fissure lava flows with Na-alcaline affinity (ne-normative and hy-normative) took place and continued to recent times, assuming a central character during the Quaternary. In this period the emmitted magma shows beside the continuing alkaline activity a transitional character and tholeiitic affinity.Variations within the volcanological and mineralogical character were found to be consistent with the tectonic evolution of the area. This evolution is characterised by two main tectonic phases that developed during Eocene and at the limit between Miocene and Pliocene respectively. These two phases were found to match with the two main volcanic cycles.The important variations noticed in the evolution of both volcanism and coeval defer-*) Authors addresses:

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“…Locations of all wells for which data were obtained for this study. Squares indicate the locations of wells from AI- Naqib (1967). Inverted-triangles are wells from Mina et aL.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Formation depths also are available from Mina et al (1967) for ten wells in the central Persian Gulf and for nine additional wells elsewhere in the Gulf (Table 4). Additional geological datums were obtained for 12 wells in Iraq and Kuwait from Al-Naqib (1967) (Table 5). Locations of all wells from which geologic data are available are shown in Figure 11.…”

Section: Datamentioning

confidence: 99%